41 results about "Physical density" patented technology

Bioadhesive macrosphere delivery systems (“BDDS”) having prolonged gastric retention time due to bioadhesion rather than physical density or size are described. In general, the macrospheres have diameters that are greater than 200 microns, more preferably greater than 500 microns. The bioadhesive macrospheres are released in the stomach where they reside in close proximity to the gastric mucosa for a prolonged period of time. Increased residence of BDDS in the upper GI can lead to increased systemic absorption of drug in the preferred site of systemic absorption, namely the upper GI tract (upper to mid-jejunum). The BDDS may be engineered either as a capsule with drug delivery controlled by a diffusion-limited membrane or degradable shell, or as a solid matrix system with drug delivery controlled by a combination of diffusion and polymer degradation kinetics.

The invention relates to explosives, and especially relates to a preparation method of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives with different densities, and ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives with different densities. According to the invention, density is regulated by adding a particulate physical density regulating agent with particle size of 0.5-5.0mm and a bulk density of 0.03-0.30g / cm<3> during an ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive preparation process. With the method, the density of porous particulate ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive can be regulated to 0.3-0.95g / cm<3>, such that a porous particulate ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with detonation velocity of 1600-3600m / s can be obtained; or the density of heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive can be regulated to 0.3-1.25g / cm<3>, such that a heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive with detonation velocity of 1800-5000m / s can be obtained. Therefore, demands of different lithologies on different explosive detonation velocities can be satisfied, and demands of different blast-holes on different explosives can be satisfied.

Disclosed are a method for evaluating a local density profile in a carbon / carbon material and a method for producing a standard density test block capable of quantitatively evaluating the density profile in the carbon / carbon material, wherein the method for evaluating the density profile includes a first step of preparing a standard density test block to be inserted in the carbon / carbon material, wherein the standard density test block is produced by using the same type of material as the carbon / carbon material and thereafter inserted in the carbon / carbon material, a second step of radiating X-rays onto the carbon / carbon material having the standard density test block inserted so as to obtain and correct computed tomographic image, and a third step of measuring a physical density by use of a linear attenuation coefficient of the computed tomographic image, whereby the local density profile can accurately be evaluated by use of a nondestructive testing and additionally such method can be utilized as an excellent means for improving processes and ensuring quality.

Provided is a site vehicle for mixing and loading multiple kinds of explosives with different detonation velocities. The vehicle contains a double-helix conveying system, a plurality of storage bins (5-8) and multiple sets of pipelines. Emulsified bases, porous granular ammonium nitrate and physical density modifier are stored in the main material storage bins, an adjuvant storage bin is provided with a diesel tank (4, 31), a sensitizing solution tank (40) and a washing water tank (11), and the technical effect that multiple kinds of explosives with different detonation velocities are mixed and loaded can be realized by using the different combinations of the different raw materials of the storage bins and various output pipelines and some baffle plates. The vehicle has the advantages of multiple purposes, capability of producing heavy emulsion explosive, density-modifiable heavy emulsion explosive, low density emulsion explosive, ultra-low density emulsion explosive, heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, density-modifiable ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, density-modifiable porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, and minor-diameter and long-distance conveying emulsion explosive, and applicability to the needs of various blasting operation environments and loading different kinds of explosives in the same blast hole.

The invention relates to a method for estimating a damage scope of physical explosion of a natural gas pipeline for a human body. The method provides a linear physical explosion energy concept of a high-pressure natural gas in the pipeline, an isentropic expansion principle based linear physical density energy estimation method, a natural gas pipeline physical explosion shock wave attenuation law, a peak value overpressure estimation method, and a grade division method for damage degrees of the physical explosion shock waves of the natural gas pipeline to surrounding personnel. Grade division of the damage degrees of the physical explosion shock waves of the natural gas pipeline to the personnel and the damage scope determined according to the grade division are determined according to parameters which are estimated by the method. The method for estimating the damage scope of the physical explosion of the natural gas pipeline for the human body is safe, reliable, strong in applicability and easy to use, and can realize estimation of the damage scope of the natural gas pipeline physical explosion shock waves to the personnel along the whole pipeline.

The invention relates to explosives, and especially relates to a preparation method of emulsion explosives with different densities, and emulsion explosives with different densities. According to the emulsion explosive preparation method provided by the invention, a sensitizing solution is added into an emulsion substrate, and density is regulated by adding a physical density regulating agent. The physical density regulating agent is a lightweight insensitive particulate substance with a particle size of 0.5-5mm and preferably 2-4mm, and a bulk density of 0.03-0.30g / cm<3> and preferably 0.1-0.2g / cm<3>. With the emulsion explosive preparation method provided by the invention, emulsion explosive with density of 0.3-1.25g / cm<3> and detonation velocity of 1800-5500m / s can be obtained, such that demands of different lithologies on explosives with different detonation velocities can be satisfied. Also, the emulsion explosive is provided with certain waterproof and moisture-proof performances, such that remands of same water-containing blast-holes on different explosives can be satisfied.

A unitary graphene-based current collector in a battery or capacitor. The current collector is or contains a unitary graphene layer that is composed of closely packed and chemically bonded parallel graphene planes having an inter-graphene plane spacing of 0.335 to 0.40 nm and an oxygen content less than 5% by weight (more typically 0.001% to 1%), an average grain size larger than 5 μm (more typically >100 μm; some as large as >cm), a physical density higher than 1.8 g / cm3, and is obtained from heat-treating a graphene oxide gel at a temperature higher than 100° C. (typically and preferably from 1,000 to 3,000° C.). Such an integrated or unitary graphene entity is compatible with essentially all electrolytes commonly used in batteries and supercapacitors.

A supercapacitor electrode comprising a solid graphene foam impregnated with a liquid or gel electrolyte, wherein the solid graphene foam is composed of multiple pores and pore walls, wherein pore walls contain a pristine graphene material having essentially zero % of non-carbon elements, or a non-pristine graphene material having 0.001% to 5% by weight of non-carbon elements wherein non-pristinegraphene is selected from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, or a combination thereof, and the solid graphene foam, when measured in a dried state without electrolyte, has a physical density from 0.01 to 1.7 g / cm3, a specific surface area from 50 to 3,200 m2 / g, a thermal conductivity of at least 200 W / mK per unit of specific gravity, and / or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,000 S / cm per unit of specific gravity.

A supercapacitor electrode comprising a solid graphene foam impregnated with a liquid or gel electrolyte, wherein the solid graphene foam is composed of multiple pores and pore walls, wherein pore walls contain a pristine graphene material having essentially zero % of non-carbon elements, or a non-pristine graphene material having 0.001% to 5% by weight of non-carbon elements wherein non-pristine graphene is selected from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, or a combination thereof, and the solid graphene foam, when measured in a dried state without electrolyte, has a physical density from 0.01 to 1.7 g / cm3, a specific surface area from 50 to 3,200 m2 / g, a thermal conductivity of at least 200 W / mK per unit of specific gravity, and / or an electrical conductivity no less than 2,000 S / cm per unit of specific gravity.

Provided is a process for producing an electrolyte-impregnated laminar graphene structure for use as a supercapacitor electrode. The process comprises (a) preparing a graphene dispersion having multiple isolated graphene sheets dispersed in an electrolyte; and (b) subjecting the graphene dispersion to a forced assembly procedure, forcing the multiple graphene sheets to assemble into an electrolyte-impregnated laminar graphene structure, wherein the multiple graphene sheets are alternately spaced by thin electrolyte layers, less than 5 nm in thickness, and the graphene sheets are substantially aligned along a desired direction, and wherein the laminar structure has a physical density from 0.5 to 1.7 g / cm3 and a specific surface area from 50 to 3,300 m2 / g, when measured in a dried state of the laminar structure with the electrolyte removed. This process leads to a supercapacitor having a large electrode thickness, high active mass loading, high tap density, and exceptional energy density.

Disclosed are explosives, especially a preparation method for explosives of different densities and explosives of different densities. The method adjusts physical density by adding granular form physical density adjusting agent with 0.5-5.0 mm grain diameter and 0.03-0.30 g / cm3 bulk density when preparing explosives. The method can adjust the explosive's density within a large range to produce the explosives with a wide range of detonation velocity to meet different needs for explosive velocity according to different lithology, and simultaneously meet needs for different explosives in the same blasthole.

The traditional method of pressing CFx, screen and SVO sheet assembly results in an electrode that is cupped and not flat. This results in the reduction of the effective volumetric energy density of the electrode or the addition of a process step of flattening of the cathode if at all possible. The new method of assembly effectively eliminates the cupping behavior and produces a flat electrode. In addition, the physical density of the cathode is also increased.