The invention discloses a voltage transformer state monitoring system and a voltage transformer state monitoring method. The voltage transformer state monitoring system is characterized by comprising a controller unit, a voltage transformer monitoring unit, a temperature monitoring unit, a humidity monitoring unit, a wireless communication unit, a mobile interaction unit, a monitoring processing unit, a touch display unit, a voice alarming unit and a power supply unit. According to the system and the method, a running state of a voltage transformer can be monitored on line, a running parameter of the voltage transformer can be acquired in real time, monitoring data of the voltage transformer in a station can be wirelessly transmitted, a running failure of the voltage transformer can be identified and diagnosed, state monitoring and failure early warning of the voltage transformer can be implemented, checking of the state of the voltage transformer and operation over the monitoring system are facilitated, a voice alarm can be given for failure information of the voltage transformer, and failure alarming information can be wirelessly sent to a worker to be timely processed to ensure normal running of the voltage transformer.