The invention provides a rice brown planthopper resistant major gene Bph30 molecular marker and application thereof. A genotype of each F2 single plant obtained by hybridization of a rice insect-resistant variety AC1613 (male parent ) and a susceptible variety 9311 (female parent ) and a brown planthopper resistant phenotype of each F2 single plant is combined for genetic linkage analysis to obtain an insect-resistant variety AC1613 resistance gene Bph30 positioned between molecular markers RM16290 and RM16303, and molecular markers in linkage with the gene also include SSR-28, RM16294, SSR-68, SSR-69, RM16299, Indel-15, Indel-16 and SSR-35. By the molecular marker, whether a locus of the major gene exists in rice or not can be effectively detected, and accordingly brown planthopper resistant rice selection efficiency is greatly improved, and brown planthopper resistant rice varieties with the gene Bph30 can be obtained.