The invention discloses a light-operated access control device with a bidirectional authentication function. The light-operated access control device comprises a light-operated access control lock and a movable unlocking terminal, wherein the light-operated access control lock comprises a light receiving module, a lock control module, a controlled module, a display module, a communication and alarm module and a power module; the movable unlocking terminal comprises a light emission module, a display and scan module and a terminal control module; the light-operated access control lock is used for receiving and verifying information sent by the movable unlocking terminal, generating and displaying response and authentication information, controlling an access control to be opened and closed, and sending a working state of the access control and alarm information; the movable unlocking terminal is used for sending the related information of unlocking by the light emission module, and resolving the related response and authentication information which is displayed by the display module of the light-operated access control lock and received by the display and scan module; the movable unlocking terminal is used for sending information by light, and scanning, identifying and displaying the information by a camera and a scan head. The light-operated access control adopts the bidirectional authentication mechanism, thus being preferable in safety, privacy and uniqueness.