440 results about "Code book" patented technology

The present invention provides a method for feedback and transmission of multi-user (MU) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) in a wireless communication system. The method includes steps of selecting subset codebook or full code book based on traffic load of a base station, and broadcasting the selected codebook to user equipments. In high traffic load, subset codebook is selected, and in low traffic load, full codebook is selected. User stations calculated a channel quality indicator of a spatial codeword vector that is included in the selected codebook. Information of the maximum channel quality indicator is sent to the base station together with a precoder of the user equipment. The base station selects user equipments based on the information of the maximum channel quality indicator and precoder, and transmits precoder signal and data signal to the user equipments. The present invention also provides a system for the base station that causes the base station to perform the above mentioned operations.

A MIMO wireless communication system employing a variable size preceding codebook is provided. The size of the codebook may be determined by the quality of the wireless transmission channel between a transmitter and a receiver associated with the MIMO wireless communication systems or some other codebook selection criteria. A larger codebook can be employed when the channel quality is high, allowing for significant gains in overall system throughput. In contrast, a smaller codebook can be employed when the cannel quality is poor, so that the added channel overhead associated with a larger code book does not reduce the channel efficiency under circumstances in which a larger codebook would not significantly improve system throughput.

Systems and methods for processing documents are disclosed. Documents received at a data server are transcoded using locally stored or generated code books. Code books for transcoded documents received at a wireless mobile communication device are either retrieved from a memory on the device or requested from a data server. In response to a code book request, a data server retrieves a requested code book from a local memory or generates the requested code book and returns the requested code book to a requestor. A wireless mobile communication device may also generate and transcode XML documents using a locally stored code book, a locally generated code book, or a code book received in response to a code book request.

Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for separating a foreground and a background. The apparatus includes a background model creation unit for creating a code book including a plurality of code words in order to separate the foreground and the background, and a foreground / background separation unit for separating the foreground and the background using the created code book. The method includes the steps of creating a code book including a plurality of code words in order to separate the foreground and the background, rearranging the cord words of the created code book on the basis of the number of sample data that belong to each of the code words, and separating the foreground and the background using the code book.

An audio encoding apparatus capable of improving the frame cancellation error tolerance, without increasing the number of bits of a fixed code book, in a CELP type audio encoding. In this apparatus, a low frequency component waveform encoding part (210) calculates, based on a quantized LPC received from an LPC encoding part (202), a linear prediction residual signal of a digital audio signal received from an A / D converter (112), then performs a down sampling of the calculation result to extract the low frequency components comprising bands, which are lower than a predetermined frequency, in the audio signal, and then waveform encodes the extracted low frequency components to produce encoded low-frequency component information. Then, the low frequency component waveform encoding part (210) inputs this encoded low-frequency component information to a packetizing part (231), while inputting the quantized low-frequency component waveform encoded signal (sound source waveform), which has been produced by the waveform encoding, to a high frequency component encoding part (220).

The invention discloses a precoding code book constructing method of a multi-input multi-output system, comprising the following steps: selecting N 4*4 first orthogonal matrixes Un, and selecting N second orthogonal matrixes Kn; generating N 8*8 matrixes Mn according to the selected Un and Kn in a manner of a Kronecker product or analog Kronecker product; and selecting a row or multiple rows of matrixes Mn to construct partial code words in a subcode book of each rank under 8 antennae. The invention also discloses a precoding code book constructing device of a multi-input multi-output system. The method and the device enables the designed code book to satisfy an orthogonal characteristic, a constant modulus characteristic and a 8 PSK characteristic in 8 antennae and have better performance under correlation channels and noncorrelation channels.

The present invention provides methods implemented in a base station having a plurality of antennas and one or more user terminals. One embodiment of the method includes receiving feedback from at least one user in response to transmitting a first frame to said at least one user. The first frame is formed by pre-coding at least one symbol using at least one first code word selected from at least one first code book associated with the at least one user. The method also includes transmitting at least one second frame to the user(s). The second frame(s) are pre-coded using at least one second codeword selected from at least one second codebook. The second codebook(s) determined based on the feedback and the first codeword(s).

The invention provides a generation method of a vector quantization code book. In the method, a global optimization method based on a random relaxation technology is introduced; and while iteratively updating the code book every time, random disturbance is generated and added to a corresponding code word, thus local convergence is effectively avoided during the process of updating the code book. The method can further rationally optimize a code book structure and bit positions of the code word according to the inherent characteristic of channel statistical distribution of a wireless communication system and the requirement on orthogonality of user scheduling in a base station in an MIMO system on the selected users. In addition, a method for expanding the code book is also introduced in order to improve the robustness of the code book in a multi-channel statistical distribution environment, and the size of the code book can be flexibly adjusted according to specific conditions. As the antenna number of the base station and downlink user equipment is greatly increased based on the demand of the development of the future communication system, the method can generate reserved interfaces for the future code book, and can achieve higher quantization and system performance with lower complexity even though the method is used in high-dimensional vector quantization.

A method for transmitting feedback information for cooperative transmission in a wireless communication cellular system comprises: receiving information on cells that can be cooperatively transmitted from a base station; determining cells that prefer the cooperative transmission among the cells that can be cooperatively transmitted; generating feedback information, which includes a preference cell indicator representing preferred cells and non-preferred cells for the cooperative transmission among the cells that can be cooperatively transmitted, precoding matrix information for the respective cell that can be cooperatively transmitted, phase information representing a phase correction value of each of the preferred cells for the cooperative transmission, and a channel quality indicator; and transmitting the feedback information through a control channel or a data channel. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a report of implicative feedback information on code books that can be designed for the gain improvement of a high-level inter-cell cooperative transmission.

The invention relates to a wireless communication field and discloses a communication method based on a multi-input and multi-output system and a device thereof. The invention has robustness to fading conditions of a channel so that an MIMO system can present the relatively satisfying performance at both high speed and low speed. In the invention, according to current channel state, a receiver selects an optimal pre-coding matrix and feeds back information representing the prepared coding matrix to a sender; the sender carries out orthogonal space-time coding for the information which needs to be transmitted and multiples the pre-coding matrix represented by the information which is fed back by the receiver to transmit; the receiver multiples conjugated transposition of the pre-coding matrix used by the sender by the received signal and after the orthogonal space-time coding is carried out, the information which needs to be transmitted by the sender is obtained. Besides, the invention also provides a practical method for designing a pre-coding code book and selecting an optimal code word matrix from the code book.

The invention discloses a MIMO pre-coding method with a plurality of subchannels and a pre-coding signal receiving method; in a sender and a receiver, m pre-coding vectors which are the same with that of the receiver are determined in a predefined code book for constructing an original pre-coding matrix V, wherein, m is the number of the subchannels; the Givens angles between two subchannels in the subchannels are acquired, and a Givens pre-coding matrix G is constructed according to all the required Givens angles. The sender uses the product of the original pre-coding matrix V and the Givenspre-coding matrix G as a sending pre-coding matrix and sends signals by using the sending pre-coding matrix; the receiver uses a conjugate transpose matrix of the product of a signal channel matrix H, the original pre-coding matrix V and the Givens pre-coding matrix G as a receiving weight matrix and implements signal receiving and detecting by using the receiving weight matrix. The method of theinvention can greatly reduce the interference among subchannels and improve system performance.

A post-processor 317 and method substantially for enhancing synthesised speech is disclosed. The post-processor 317 operates on a signal ex(n) derived from an excitation generator 211 typically comprising a fixed code book 203 and an adaptive code book 204, the signal ex(n) being formed from the addition of scaled outputs from the fixed code book 203 and adaptive code book 204. The post-processor operates on ex(n) by adding to it a scaled signal pv(n) derived from the adaptive code book 204. A gain or scale factor p is determined by the speech coefficients input to the excitation generator 211. The combined signal ex(n)+pv(n) is normalised by unit 316 and input to an LPC or speech synthesis filter 208, prior to being input to an audio processing unit 209.

With the use of a vector quantization technique, an index image, which is obtained by replacing an image on a block-by-block basis, each block consisting of a predetermined number of pixels, with any of a plurality of different pixel patterns and representing the pixel patterns by index values of the respective pixel patterns, is decoded by referring to a code book containing the pixel patterns and the index values of the pixel patterns in association with each other. When decoding an index image on the block-by-block basis into pixel patterns corresponding to the index values, the pixel pattern of each block is scaled, and additionally pixels near a contour in the pixel pattern after scaling are redrawn based on contour vector information corresponding to the pixel pattern.

A multi-code multicarrier CDMA system and method for communicating data by transforming a stream of data into a plurality of code sequences selected from a code book by associating symbols of the data stream with the code sequences of the code book, wherein the codebook includes M code sequences and each of the code sequences has a length of N data symbols, copying each of the code sequences onto one or more of a plurality of subcarriers, transmitting the plurality of subcarriers, receiving the plurality of transmitted subcarriers, demodulating the received subcarriers to result in the code sequences, transforming the code sequences back into the stream of data based upon the associations between the code sequences of the code book and the symbols of the data stream, changing at least one of the number M and lengths N of the code sequences in the code book.

The invention relates to an automatic-adaptive multi-user beam shaping method based on zero defection broadening, which comprises the following steps: a plurality of sets of direction of arrival, i.e. a DOA angle combination is selected, and each set of direction of arrival includes DOA angles of N users; the orthogonalization is carried out after the transmission weights of the N users of each set is carried out by using a zero defection broadening arithmetic to obtain the final transmission weight of each user, the final transmission weights are stored as a codebook, and N is the number of the users reusing the same resource, and is not smaller than 2; when the beam is shaped, the base station receives an uplink signal, and the DOA angle corresponding to the position of each user is estimated; the N users satisfying the restrictive condition of group division are put into one user group; for each user group, the closest DOA angle combination is matched from the DOA angle combination which is previously selected according to the DOA angles of the N users in the user group, and the transmitting weights of the N users corresponding to the DOA angle combination in the code book are used. The automatic-adaptive multi-user beam shaping method enables at least two users to utilize the same time frequency and code resources and reuse system resources.

A wireless communication apparatus of a base station uses antennas for multiple systems, forms a multi-beam, transmits data to a mobile station, and includes a code book configured to store therein beamforming information; a pre-coder that reads the code book and executes a process of forming a given beam for the data; a control unit that, based on feedback information to correct variations in phase occurring at transmitting circuits respectively corresponding to each of the systems, performs control such that the beamforming information to correct the variations in phase is read from the code book; and a phase correcting unit that corrects a phase of the multi-beam formed by the pre-coder, based on the feedback information and such that relations among the phases of the multi-beam become substantially linear.

A system for analyzing and modifying passwords in a manner that provides a user with a strong and usable / memorable password. The user would propose a password that has relevance and can be remembered. The invention would evaluate the password to ascertain its strength. The evaluation is based on a probabilistic password cracking system that is trained on sets of revealed passwords and that can generate password guesses in highest probability order. If the user's proposed password is strong enough, the proposed password is accepted. If the user's proposed password is not strong enough, the system will reject it. If the proposed password is rejected, the system modifies the password and suggests one or more stronger passwords. The modified passwords would have limited modifications to the proposed password. Thus, the user has a tested strong and memorable password.

The invention discloses a pre-coding method, a pre-coding system and a construction method of a pre-coding code book. A transmitting terminal and a receiving terminal are used for storing the information of the pre-coding code book together; a code word is selected from the pre-coding code book by the receiving terminal according to an estimated channel matrix; the sequence number of the code word is fed back to the transmitting terminal; and symbol blocks transmitted to the receiving terminal are pre-coded through the code word by the transmitting terminal according to the code word found by the sequence number, wherein column vectors in at least eight code word vectors or at least eight code word matrixes in the pre-coding code book are obtained on the basis of an eight-dimensional vector selected from an eight-dimensional vector set, and the eight-dimensional vector set is obtained by computing partial or all four-dimensional vectors of u1, u2, u3, u4, u5, u6, u7, u8, s, m and n. The pre-coding method is used for the pre-coding of eight-antenna MIMO systems when the channel matrix is a singular matrix, and can enhance the pre-coding property. The four-dimensional vectors used for computing the code word can be stored only for saving storage space.

A machine tool system is diagnosed by identifying a fault class to which an input measurement vector belongs. The fault class corresponds to a group of weight vectors in a code book of a self organized map that describes the machine tool system based on training data. Probabilities that the input measurement vector belongs to a given class are estimated based on the posterior probability of the weight vectors of the code book corresponding to the given class given the input measurement vector. Training data to create the code book may be collected under a first operating condition while the input measurement vector is collected under a second operating condition.

The invention discloses a method for sending uplink control information on basis of physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission and a system thereof. The PUSCH transmissions adopts a spatial multiplexing mode; and two transmission blocks configured by user equipment all transmit uplink data and perform the channel coding to the uplink data to obtain two code word streams. The method comprises the following steps of: the user equipment jointly codes the rank indication information to be sent and the information of the pre-encoding matrix in a first code book to obtain a joint coding index; and the user equipment repeatedly maps a modulating symbol which is obtained by processing the joint coding index to all transmission layers which correspond to the two code word streams to send.

The invention discloses a method and device for reporting channel state information so as to improve the accuracy and the efficiency of the channel state information. The method comprises the following steps that: a terminal acquires the number of frequency bands included in a system bandwidth range; the terminal determines the frequency range of each frequency band according to the number of frequency bands; the terminal determines wideband element information corresponding to the frequency band according to a channel estimation parameter of the frequency range corresponding to the frequency band aiming at each frequency band; the terminal determines sub-band element information corresponding to a sub-band according to wideband element information of the frequency band to which the sub-band belongs and the channel state information of the sub-band aiming at each sub-band; and the terminal feeds back the channel state information to a base station, wherein the channel state information comprises the sub-band element information of each sub-band or a label of the sub-band element information of each sub-band in a code book. By adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, the accuracy and the efficiency of the channel state information are improved.

The input signal can be quickly and accurately classified and a descriptor can be generated according to the result of classification. Then, the input signal can be retrieved on the basis of the result of classification or the descriptor. A signal processing apparatus comprises a time block splitting section 3 for splitting an audio signal into blocks that are typically 1 second long, a feature extracting section 4 for extracting a characteristic quantity of 18 degrees on the signal attribute from the audio signal in each block and a vector quantizing section 5 for carrying out an operation of categorical classification for the audio signal of each block by means of a vector quantization technique that uses a VQ code book 8 and a characteristic vector formed from the characteristic quantity of 18 degrees. The vector quantizing section 5 outputs a classification label obtained as a result of the categorical classification and a descriptor indicating the reliability of the label. If a signal retrieving operation is conducted in the downstream, the result of the classification or the descriptor is used for the signal retrieval.

The invention discloses a code book indexing coding method based on classification and permutation combination, including the following steps: counting the pulse required to the need to encode on the track according to the positions, to obtain the number of pulse position, the distribution of the pulse position on the track and the pulse number at each pulse position; determining a first index according to the number of the pulse position, determining a second index according to the distribution of the pulse position on the track, and determining a third index according to the pulse number at each pulse position; and generating a coding index including the first index, the second index and the third index. Using the method proposed by this invention can lower the bit number of the code book indexing at high-bit-rate.

The invention provides a method and a device for selecting a precoding matrix. The characteristics that a gap between adjacent antennae of tightly spaced cross polarization linear array antennae is small, the diagonal elements of a correlation matrix are 1 and the like are fully considered, and a corresponding code book for the quantification and feedback of the correlation matrix is designed, so that high system performance is achieved at low feedback overhead and complexity.

The invention discloses a precoding code determining method which comprises the following steps: a base station carries out channel estimation to an uplink channel, and a terminal carries out downlink channel estimation to a downlink channel; the terminal determines an optimal code matched with the channel from a code book according to the estimation result of the downlink channel, and when the predetermined feedback condition is satisfied, the optimal code is used as the precoding code required by the next transmission and instructs the optimal code to a base station by the precoding matrix instruction; when the base station receives the PMI from the terminal, the precoding code used in the next transmission is determined from the code book according to the PMI; or else, the base station determines the optimal code matched with the uplink channel from the code book according to the estimation result of the uplink channel and determines the optimal code as the precoding code used by the next transmission. In addition, the invention also discloses a system and a device used for determining the precoding codes. The technical scheme disclosed by the invention can reduce the feedback amount of the PMI.

A sign language recognizer is configured to detect interest points in an extracted sign language feature, wherein the interest points are localized in space and time in each image acquired from a plurality of frames of a sign language video; apply a filter to determine one or more extrema of a central region of the interest points; associate features with each interest point using a neighboring pixel function; cluster a group of extracted sign language features from the images based on a similarity between the extracted sign language features; represent each image by a histogram of visual words corresponding to the respective image to generate a code book; train a classifier to classify each extracted sign language feature using the code book; detect a posture in each frame of the sign language video using the trained classifier; and construct a sign gesture based on the detected postures.

The invention discloses an increment neural network and sub-graph code based image classification method. The increment neural network and sub-graph code based image classification method comprises the following steps of: extracting local characteristics; studying increment code books in a network; performing characteristic coding based on a sub-graph; getting image spaces together; and studying a classifier and predicting a model. The increment neural network and sub-graph code based image classification method greatly reduces time complexity of a traditional algorithm to a great extent as the code book can be studied efficiently, and the space relationship between visual words is also kept; in addition, the characteristic coding based on the sub-graph is specifically for performing characteristic coding by fully utilizing the space relationship between the visual words, so that more abundant semantic information can be extracted, and excellent classification performances are obtained finally while the computational efficiency of a classification system is increased. Therefore, the increment neural network and sub-graph code based image classification method has a relatively high use value.