The invention provides a track board with periodic structure characteristics. The track board is formed by overlapping multiple
layers of periodic sub-structures; the adjacent periodic sub-structures are made of different constituent materials, the thickness sizes of all
layers of periodic sub-structures are determined according to the height of a track and the damping effect requirement, and damping is achieved based on an elastic
wave band gap principle. The thickness sizes of all
layers of periodic sub-structures are equal. The thickness sizes of all layers of periodic sub-structures are consistent with focused vibration wavelengths so that the damping effect can be improved, and damping is achieved based on the elastic
wave band gap principle. A track board damping
system with the periodic structure characteristics comprises the track board, buckle systems, steel rails, a base, a
CAM mortar layer and a boss; the steel rails are fixed to the track board through the buckle systems; and the track board is arranged on the base through the
CAM mortar layer and is continuously laid in the
line extension direction. The track board damping
system can be used for
urban rail transit, high-speed railways, heavy haul railways and common railways. Damping and
noise reduction control over
urban rail transit, the high-speed railways, the heavy haul railways and the common railways is facilitated, and meanwhile the beneficial effects of being simple in structural style and convenient and flexible to construct and maintain are achieved.