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The invention provides an acousto-optic sleep intervention system and method based on electroencephalogram signals. The method includes the steps: acquiring, processing and analyzing the electroencephalogram signals in real time during sleep through a universal electroencephalogram acquisition system; staging sleep by a data mining method; intervening through the sound and light in the REM (rapid-eye-movement) period of sleep and shallow sleep to achieve the purpose of improving sleep quality. The system includes a sleep electroencephalogram acquisition module, a sleep electroencephalogram staging module, and a sleep intervention module; the sleep electroencephalogram acquisition module is used to acquire the electroencephalogram signals that have continuously changed during sleep, the electroencephalogram signals after the output, and the extracted electroencephalogram characteristic information; the sleep electroencephalogram staging module is used to staging the sleep electroencephalogram characteristic information with trained sleep staging models; the sleep intervention module is used for selecting a suitable sleep intervention program based on the staging results, and the subject undergoes double intervention of sound and light.