The invention relates to a speech quality evaluation system of mobile communication network. The evaluation system mainly comprises a tested speech network and a data transmission network, and is characterized by consisting of dialing test terminals, a dialing test control server, a central dialing test terminal, a database server, an analysis management server, a Web server and a GIS server, wherein each server exchanges data through a relevant interface table in the database server. The evaluation system analyzes audio signals sent among the dialing test terminals through embedded program so as to identify the problems such as single pass, intermittence, silence, strange noise, and the like; moreover, when required by the central dialing test terminal, receiving audio frequency is transmitted back to obtain objective evaluation index PESQ value of speech quality during communication through professional software; the dialing test terminals obtain communication link parameters at the same time and report the parameters along with analysis conclusion; and the central dialing test terminal carries out relevant analysis estimation of speech quality grade and network parameters through comparison.