The invention discloses an aircraft multi-objective optimization method based on a self-adaptive agent model, relates to a multi-objective optimization method for treating complex aircraft design, and belongs to the field of aircraft design optimization. According to the aircraft multi-objective optimization method, an integrated preference function is constructed by use of a physical planning method to realize the conversion of the multi-objective optimization problem into a single-objective optimization problem reflecting design preference; next, the self-adaptive agent model is constructed from the integrated preference function and constraint conditions to take the place of a high-accuracy analysis model, and therefore, the problem of great time taken in calculation of optimization design is solved; finally, the constraint problem is converted into a non-constraint problem by use of an augmentation Lagrange multiplier method, and the non-constraint problem is solved by use of a genetic algorithm. The aircraft multi-objective optimization method has the advantages that the solving process of the aircraft multi-objective optimization method taking much time in calculation is simple and efficient, and therefore, a Pareto noninferior solution meeting the requirements of a user can be obtained quickly to shorten the design period of the aircraft, and the design cost is reduced. Besides, the aircraft multi-objective optimization method is high in universality and convenient for program development.