The invention relates to a mud and sand removal device for drilling fluid, and belongs to the field of petroleum machinery. The mud and sand removal device for the drilling fluid comprises a rotational flow desilter, a beaker, a valve, a collecting pipe, a desander slurry inlet pipe, a desander overflow pipe, a desilter slurry inlet pipe, a slurry inlet pipe overflow pipe, a vertical pipe, a vertical pipe supporting column, a small screen net, a supporting pipe, a rotational flow desander, a vibrating screen, a stirring device and the like. The valve is opened, the drilling fluid in the collecting pipe flows into the beaker through the valve, and the drilling fluid after mud and sand removal is conveniently sampled to conveniently analyze a using effect of the mud and sand removal device for drilling fluid. The structure is compact, the rotational flow desander and the rotational flow desilter are arranged intensively, so that treated drilling fluid waste solid phase is discharged intensively, and the occupied area of the device is saved. The vertical pipe is arranged in the rotational flow desander, the small screen net is arranged at the lower end of the vertical pipe, mud and sand in the drilling fluid is filtered again by the small screen net, and the rotational flow desander effect of the drilling fluid is enhanced. The small screen net can overturn in the vertical pipe toshake off the mud and sand on the small screen net.