When people suffered from nearsightedness watch the letter O, shadows appear, and the farther away from the letter, the thinner the letter lines are and the more serious of the shadows are. When the right eye is used for watching the letter, the shadow of the letter tends to tilt to the left upper part, while when the left eye is used for watching the word, the shadow of the letter tends to tilt to the right upper part, and the phenomena of other shapes also occur. The reason is that when a person suffered from near sightedness reads a book, the sight lines of two eyes are simultaneously placed on the same place, the person is used to lowering the head to a low sight line direction to watch a position of a high visual surface, thus, the effect of the sight line direction leads to the formation of shadows and the azimuths of the letters. This effect is used for treating the nearsightedness in the invention. In the sighting target self-functionalized typoscope provided by the invention, a sight hole is arranged at a lower right azimuth opposite to the right eye, a sight hole is arranged at a lower left azimuth opposite to the left eye, and the azimuth directions of the two sight holes are opposite to azimuth directions of the letter shadows so as to promote the letter shadows to return back to the azimuths of letters. Not limited to this structure, an upright article, a hanging article and hand-held article which are used obliquely to change the sight lines to the right directions and unpatented, are (article capable of changing one sight line direction is also) included in the invention. The sighting target self-functionalized typoscope can be used for treating the eye diseases such as presbyopia, far sightedness, astigmatism, achromatopsia, cataract and the like. The typoscope with large sight holes can also be used when walking, and restricts no function of accessory.