The invention relates to a vertical continuous annealing furnace interior reverse belt penetrating control method. The control method comprises the following steps that S1, a unit is stopped, and an annealing furnace is switched to the cooling mode; S2, the belt breaking position in the furnace is determined, whether the looping quantity of an outlet loop is enough or not is determined, and whether a reverse belt penetrating operation method is adopted or not is decided; S3, when the temperature of the furnace is decreased to the furnace cover opening temperature or below, according to the belt breaking condition in the furnace, a corresponding furnace cover is opened, steel scrap processing and rope penetrating operation are conducted, and a belt head is manufactured at the tail of a broken belt and connected with a belt penetrating rope; S4, a furnace roller needing to be subjected to linkage is selected; S5, according to the looping quantity of the outlet loop, the tension of the outlet loop is set, and belt steel in the furnace is tightened by adopting an outlet tensioning roller of the annealing furnace; S6, the outlet tensioning roller and the furnace roller are operated forreverse full linkage, and in-furnace reverse belt penetrating operation is conducted till the tail of the belt penetrates to an inlet tensioning roller of the annealing furnace; S7, all the furnace covers are closed, and the blow sweeping mode of the annealing furnace is started; and S8, the unit is started for normal production.