48results about How to "Mild pain" patented technology

The invention discloses a knee joint prosthesis which includes a thighbone assembly (31) and a tibia assembly (32). The tibia assembly (32) includes a tibia platform element (44) provided within a tibia tray element (40). A half-side winch-shaped bridging member (112) is provided between duplicated condyles on the thighbone assembly (31). A strut in a particular shape is provided between reniform meniscus recesses of the tibia platform element (44). The bridging member (112) is cooperative with the strut to form an additional joint for transferring loads in a kinetic configuration in the process of deeply bending the prosthesis.

With the arrival of the medical minimally-invasive age, the requirements of women patients on minimal invasion and beauty is higher and higher, therefore, a breast-lesion minimally-invasive whole excision system which is new, can replace the current minimally-invasive therapy and can be commonly accepted by the women patients needs to be urgently designed. The invention relates to the field of minimally invasive surgical medicine, and provides a new surgical technology, and a minimal invasion method is adopted to realize whole excision of breast-lesion tissues by a rotary self-absorbing pawl-type knife of a special surgical knife and a matched instrument. A rotary self-absorbing pawl-type knife system for minimally-invasive whole excision of the breast lesion mainly comprises a pawl knife, a sleeve, a guide column, a guide wire, a vacuum suction pump and the like. The system has the characteristics that (1) the positioning is accurate; (2) the lesion is accurately excised; (3) the safety is ensured by a highly-scientific design; (4) the diagnosis is more accurate; (5) the infection rate is low and the more economical effect is achieved; (6) the surgery is fast and convenient; (7) the beauty effect is good, and effects of no pain in surgery and no scar after surgery are achieved; (8) the cost is low; (9) the surgical instrument is simple in structure, easy in operation and easy in popularization; and (10) the domestic and foreign blanks are filled, and the application prospect and the social-economic benefits are wide.

A knee joint prosthesis is disclosed. The prosthesis has a femoral component and a tibial component. The tibial component has a tibial plateau element fitted in a tibial tray element. A hemi capstan shaped bridge member is provided between replicated condyles on the femoral component. A specially shaped post is provided between kidney shaped meniscal depression on the tibial plateau element. The bridge member and the post act together to form an additional joint for load transfer during deep flexion of the prosthesis in its operative configuration.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine for treating rheumatic and rheumatoid arthritis, which comprises the following raw materials of medicines in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of safflower, 5-10 parts of twotooth achyranthes root, 20-30 parts of eucommia bark, 15-20 parts of angelica, 10-30 parts of radix salviae miltiorrhizae, 5-10 parts of Chinese ephedra, 5-15 parts of pubescent angelica root, 10-15 parts of pawpaw, 5-15 parts of glossy privet fruit, 5-15 parts of prepared rehmannia root, 5-15 parts of spatholobus stem, 5-15 parts of licorice, 5-15 parts of radix aconiti, 5-15 parts of ebony, 5-15 parts of dahurian angelica root and 5-15 parts of paniculate swallowwort. Various raw materials of the medicines of the traditional Chinese medicine are mutually matched, and the traditional Chinese medicine reinforces the body, promotes blood circulation, relieves the stasis of blood, smoothes qi and blood, relaxes muscles and tendons, activates the collaterals, achieves the effects of expelling wind and removing damness and can effectively cure the rheumatic and rheumatoid arthritis.

The pile treating Chinese medicine preparation is prepared with dark plum, gallnut, flavescent sophora root, prepared pangolin scale, calcined oyster shell and other seven kinds of Chinese medicinal materials. The pile treating Chinese medicine preparation has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic material, moisturizing the intestine, promoting urination and stopping bleeding, and is suitable for treating various types of piles without recurrence.

The invention provides a linkage type interbody fusion cage. The linkage type interbody fusion cage comprises at least two fusion cage units and implanting devices connected to the rear ends of the fusion cage units. One side of each fusion cage unit is provided with a dovetail groove, and the other side of the fusion cage unit is provided with a dovetail boss matched with the dovetail groove. The fusion cage units are sequentially connected through the dovetail grooves and the dovetail bosses. The lateral sides of each implanting device are respectively provided with a dovetail slide groove and a dovetail slide rail, the dovetail slide groove is identical with the dovetail groove in the corresponding fusion cage unit, and the dovetail slide rail is identical with the dovetail boss of the corresponding fusion cage unit. Each fusion cage unit can slide onto the dovetail boss of the adjacent fusion cage unit along the adjacent implanting device or slide into the dovetail groove of the adjacent fusion cage unit along the adjacent implanting device. The linkage type interbody fusion cage has the advantages that the fusion cage units are implanted into a surgical wound, the size of the surgical wound is reduced by several times, and the linkage type interbody fusion cage is small in wound, low in pain and fast in recovery; the fusion cage units are sequentially connected, so that the stability and connecting strength of the interbody fusion cage are increased; the implanting devices are used to guide the fusion cage units, the slide rails matched with the dovetail grooves are used to achieve stable transition, and implanting speed is increased.

The invention, which mainly relates to the field of medical instruments, discloses a combined laparoscope gripper comprising a detachable gripping head, a rod body and a detachable handle. The rod body and the detachable gripping head and the handle with different functions can be quickly assembled and disassembled, and only the gripping head and the handle with different functions need to be replaced when the gripper is replaced. During an operation, the detachable gripping head can be mounted after the rod body punctures into the abdominal cavity, so that the size, which can reaching3mm or below, of the operating hole is reduced as much as possible; and thus the size of the operating hole diameter only depends on the outer diameter of the rod body and does not depend on the outer diameter of the gripping head. When the combined laparoscope gripper is used for an operation, a rod body puncture hole does not need to be sewn, so that the postoperative pain is slight, and an operation scar can be ignored; and the operation habit of the laparoscopic surgery is the same as that of the traditional laparoscopic instrument, so that medical institutions and doctors who carry out the traditional laparoscopic surgery can use the laparoscopic surgery instrument to carry out surgery without special training, so that the surgical trauma of patients is further reduced.

The invention relates to a Chinese traditional medical decoction for curing rheumatoid arthritis and background rheumatoid arthritis. The Chinese traditional medicine decoction is made of raw materials by weight ratios: 10 to 60 proportions of safflower, 20 to 100 proportions of twotooth achyranthes root, 10 to 40 proportions of eucommia bark, 30 to 100 proportions of angelica, 10 to 50 proportions of root of red rooted saliva, 15 to 25 proportions of ephedra herb, 25 to 40 proportions of radix angelicae pubescentis, 20 to 30 proportions of papaya and 600 to 1200 proportions of water. The invention has the advantages of supplementing the raw materials with each other and reaching the purposes of promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis, smoothing the qi and blood, activating collateral flow and expelling wind and removing damness. The invention has a total effective rate of more than 90 percent for curing the rheumatoid arthritis and the background rheumatoid arthritis.

The invention provides an acrylate polymer microsphere with a capillary function. The acrylate polymer microsphere has a core-shell structure, and the hydrophilicity of the core layer is stronger than that of the shell layer. The invention further provides a method for preparing the acrylate polymer microsphere, and the acrylate polymer microsphere has different hydrophilic properties by adjusting the monomer composition and proportion of the core layer and the shell layer. By adjusting the pH value, the core-layer linear polymer is unfolded and forms an interpenetrating network structure with the shell-layer cross-linked polymer. A cross-linking agent is added to react with the core-layer linear polymer so that the core-layer linear polymer is cross-linked to form a stable polymer interpenetrating network structure. After drying, micropore channels left after water in the microspheres is lost are supported and stabilized due to the existence of a cross-linked network. The acrylate polymer microsphere aggregate disclosed by the invention can be used as a dressing.

The pregressive intestinal canal dilator includes four portions of head end, supporting portion, tail end and operation bar. Said dilator possesses the pregressive increment of dilatation, accurate dilatation, is easy to be operated and controlled, can alleviate patient's suffering, has no need of anesthetization, and does not produce complicating diseases of laceration of intestinal wal, bleeding and intestinal fistula.

The repairing unit for no-tension inguinal hernia repairing operation includes one bottom sheet for being set on the peritoneum front gap, one surface sheet for being sett on the transverse fascia, and one connecting body for being set in the hernial ring to connect the bottom sheet and the surface sheet. The circular bottom sheet and surface sheet are set separately on two ends of the connecting body coaxially, and the axial projection of the surface sheet is fallen within that of the bottom sheet. The present invention is one kind of 3D repairing sheet with short operation period, high safety and good post-operational effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a medical surgical back burn eschar grinding instrument which comprises a base, a shell, a vibration module, an eschar grinding module, a disinfectant tank, a painkiller box, a power module and a sliding rod module. The shell is connected with the sliding rod module and positioned below the same, a water spraying nozzle is arranged below the shell, the vibration module is used for vibrating and knocking eschar on the back of a patient, the eschar grinding module is used for grinding away the escharon the back of the patient, the disinfectant tank is positioned inside the shell, the painkiller box is positioned inside the shell, the disinfectant tank and the painkiller box are placed side by side, the disinfectant tank is on the left, the box is on the right, the power module is mounted on the base and used for adjusting up-down movement of the sliding rod module, and the sliding rod moduleis connected with the power module and used for controlling leftward-rightward movement of the shell. The medical surgical back burn eschar grinding instrument is mainly used for effectively and quickly grinding away the eschar on the back of the patient, is slight in pain caused to the patient and can accelerate wound healing.

The invention discloses a medicinal composition for curing hemorrhoids, which is a compound preparation prepared by mixing policresulen and cinchocaine hydrochloride serving as active ingredients, and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials serving as carriers. The weight of the policresulen in medicinal composition accounts for 3 to 10 percent of the total weight of the composition, and the weight of the cinchocaine hydrochloride accounts for 0.1 to 0.8 percent of the total weight of the composition. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the medicinal composition for curing the hemorrhoid. The policresulen serving as a main active material has the effects of stopping bleeding, converging, regenerating epithelium and sterilizing to make necrotic tissues coagulated and separated so as to quickly clean wounds. Meanwhile, due to the adoption of the composition, strong reactive contrafluxion is generated so as to promote the tissues to regenerate. The medicinal composition carries out local anesthesia by adopting the quick-acting cinchocaine hydrochloride for suppressing pain of wounds. The medicinal composition is prepared into an external preparation, which comprises suppository, ointments and the like. The medicinal composition is suitable for curing hemorrhoids, anal fissure and rhagadia, pruritus ani and the like.

The invention relates to auxiliary equipment for procedures for prolapse and hemorrhoids. The auxiliary equipment comprises a purse-string guide and an anal dilation apparatus. The purse-string guide is assembled in the anal dilation apparatus and is connected with the anal dilation apparatus by fixing wings; the purse-string guide comprises a guide body, a columnar body and handles; openings are formed in the guide body and the columnar body; the fixing wings are arranged on the handles; a U-shaped cavity is formed by each fixing wing and the surface of the corresponding handle, and the orientation of each U-shaped cavity is consistent with the directions of the ends of the corresponding handle; the fixing wings are made of elastic rubber materials; the anal dilation apparatus comprises an anal dilation portion and a connecting portion; four hollow-out holes are formed in the connecting portion. The auxiliary equipment has the advantages that the duration of operation can be shortened, patients have little postoperative injury, suffer from little pain and have few complications, wound can heal fast, good curative effects can be realized, the auxiliary equipment does not need to be controlled by assistant in operation procedures, and operation spaces can be increased.

The invention discloses a burn and scald treating ointment and a preparation method thereof. The burn and scald treating ointment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of lithospermum, 5-15 parts of coptis chinensis, 5-15 parts of borax, 8-24 parts of gypsum, 250-750 parts of plant oil, 250-750 parts of beewax and 8-24 parts of red peony root. The invention further discloses the preparation method of the burn and scald treating ointment. The invention provides the burn and scald treating ointment which is short in treatment time, high in curative speed, free of sequelae, strong in antibacterial performance, anti-inflammatory, swelling-removing, convenient to use, high in therapeutic effect and low in cost and the preparation method thereof.

The invention relates to a multifunctional photoelectric beauty instrument. The multifunctional photoelectric beauty instrument comprises a photon beauty handle, an intense pulsed light power supply, a water cooling system, a radio-frequency negative-pressure handle, a radio-frequency handle, a radio-frequency power supply, a vacuum negative-pressure system and a control system. The photon beauty handle is connected with the water cooling system and the intense pulsed light power supply, the radio-frequency negative-pressure handle and the radio-frequency handle are connected with the radio-frequency power supply, the radio-frequency negative-pressure handle is also connected with the vacuum negative-pressure system, and the control system comprises a photon beauty control module connected with the photon beauty handle, a radio-frequency negative-pressure control module connected with the radio-frequency negative-pressure handle, and a radio-frequency control module connected with the radio-frequency handle. The multifunctional photoelectric beauty instrument is a multi-use machine, and is beneficial to saving the cost, and has complete functions and can satisfy different demands of most customers, and is good in beauty effect and high in comfort level, the customers do not have pain or pain is light, and the user experience can be greatly improved.

The invention provides a scapular glenoid bone grafting device under a minimally invasive condition. The device comprises a sleeve, a threading rod and a handle, wherein the sleeve is provided with achannel; the threading rod is movably inserted into the channel in a penetrating mode; the sleeve is detachably connected with the handle; a first wedge-shaped face is arranged at one end of the sleeve; a thin groove and a wide groove are formed in the side wall of the threading rod; and a second wedge-shaped face is arranged at the end, close to a bone grafting block, of the threading rod. A method for the device comprises the following steps of S1, driving an anchor into a corresponding area under an arthroscope; S2, enabling the sleeve to be contacted and matched with the bone grafting area; S3, placing the bone grafting block into the sleeve; S4, pushing the bone grafting block into the bone grafting area; S5, fixing the bone grafting block; and S6, after the bone grafting block is fixed, removing a Kirschner wire, and suturing a wound. The bone grafting device is high in threading efficiency, high in positioning precision and capable of effectively avoiding slippage, rotation anddisplacement of the bone grafting block in the bone grafting process and reducing the damage to blood vessels, nerves and other tissues of shoulder joints due to the bad phenomenon of the bone grafting block in the bone grafting process.

The invention provides a method for remaining PICC catheter through a jugular vein by virtue of a double-channel technique. The method comprises the following steps: after jugular vein puncture is successfully carried out through ultrasonic guidance and the catheter is fed to a length of a preset pipe, establishing a subcutaneous tunnel with a length of 1cm at the same level of a puncture point byvirtue of a tunnel puncture needle, establishing a relatively long subcutaneous tunnel from an outside end of the subcutaneous tunnel to a site which is far from the lower part of a midclavicular line by two cross fingers, enabling the puncture to penetrate into the two tunnels and penetrate out of a body surface outlet in the site, trimming the catheter, and fixing the catheter at a wall of thechest. According to the method, various difficult problems of a current manner of directly remaining the PICC catheter through direct puncture through the jugular vein are solved, the operation quality is high, complications of a patient with the catheter can be reduced, the life quality is improved, and the method is capable of remarkably reliving the physiological, mental and economic burdens ofthe patient and the working intensity of medical workers and increasing the satisfaction degree of the patient.

According to the technical scheme, the invention provides an external traditional Chinese medicinal tincture for treating gout, wherein an active ingredient of the external tincture consists of the following components in parts by weight: 18 parts of rhizoma of polygonum amplexicaule var. sinense, 16 parts of radix cyathulae, 10 parts of flos eaturae, 7 parts of saffron crocus, 7 parts of radix aconiti preparata, 7 parts of radix aconiti kusnezoffii praeparata, 7 parts of shorttube lycoris bulb, 7 parts of rhizoma corydalis, 3 parts of borneol, 1 part of musk and 3000g of 75% of medicinal alcohol. The medicine (the tincture) disclosed by the invention is capable of dredging meridians and channels, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, relieving swelling and pain, softening hardness and dissipating stagnation, and the medicine is capable of rapidly decomposing deposited uric acid; the medicine can achieve operations, taking of medicines, pain and side effects and can eliminate pain in patients, and the medicine is rapid to take effects, short in treatment time, strong in effect on improving symptoms, easily acceptable by the patients and capable of effectively improving the life quality of the patients.

The technical scheme of the invention discloses a compound-eye type ultramicro-invasive laparoscopic operation device, comprising a needle-type cannula; an operation main machine which comprises a body, a console, a lens arm and an instrument arm, wherein the lens arm and the instrument arm are connected with the body, and the console indirectly controls the movement of the lens arm and the instrument arm by controlling the body; an acquisition device mounted on the lens arm, which comprises a split acquisition lens body, an integrated acquisition connector, a camera and a light source lens, wherein one end of the integrated acquisition connector is connected with a split acquisition mirror body, and the other end is provided with an imaging device and a light source lens; the imaging device outputs image information collected by the split acquisition mirror body to an operation host, and the light source lens provides a light source for the acquisition mirror body; an operating instrument mounted on an instrument arm. The invention solves the problems of strong pain and scar after the traditional laparoscopic operation and the tangling and collision of instruments in the traditional scar-free operation, and the poor definition of the field of vision in the traditional laparoscopic operation.

The invention provides a laparoscopic-assisted binding ligator for treating prostate back side venous plexuses. The binding ligator comprises a rotating shaft, a head, a neck of a bent extension arm,an abdomen of an arc-shaped supporting arm and a tail, the head is provided with an arc-shaped cylindrical gripper and a tubular structure, and the tail is a connecting rod and connected with a ring.The binding ligator can realize whole suture detachment of the prostate back side mesh deep venous plexuses and surface fascia thereof, a surgery is nearly performed under direct vision, and anatomical layers and structures are more clearly seen in a laparoscopic-assisted manner. Accurate operation is facilitated, wounds are decreased, the surgery can be performed without CO2 pneumoperitoneum, andsurgical indications are widened. The binding ligator can be applied to classic open surgeries and can also be applied to the currently most widespread minimally invasive laparoscopic surgeries. Theclinical application of the binding ligator plays an important role in control of venous plexus bleeding and decrease of urethral sphincter injury, and the binding ligator has high clinical application values.

The present invention provides a fat-soluble injection. A main component of the fat-soluble injection is alisol A. The fat-soluble injection acts on sites where local fat accumulates. For the first time, the alisol A is proposed to be injected directly into subcutaneous fat and used as the fat-soluble injection. Compared with fat-soluble injection on the market, the fat-soluble injection is saferand less in side effects. Compared with traditional liposuction surgery, patients are less in pains, risks are lower, operations are simple, recovery after surgery is quick, and the fat-soluble injection has unparalleled advantages in a local obesity treatment.

The invention discloses a purse-string suture device. The purse-string suture device comprises a plurality of U-shaped clamps, spring pieces, suture needles, a thread and reset devices, wherein each of the spring pieces is used for connecting two adjacent U-shaped clamps to enable the U-shaped clamps to surround to form an unclosed ring; each U-shaped clamp comprises two hanging arms and a connecting arm for connecting the two hanging arms; a second through hole is formed in each connecting arm; each reset device is arranged in the corresponding second through hole, and can overcome spring force of the corresponding spring piece to enable the U-shaped clamps to array in a straight line; a first through hole is formed in each hanging arm; each suture needle is arranged in the correspondingfirst through hole; and each thread is connected with the corresponding suture needle. The purse-string suture device provided by the invention can quickly complete purse-string suture; the situationthat the needle pitch of the suture needles is uniform is guaranteed; and the quality of purse-string suture is improved, and the working load of operation doctors is reduced.

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating herpes zoster, and relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine compositions for treating the herpes zoster, in particular to the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating the herpes zoster, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50% of bletilla striata and 50% of cowherb seed. According to the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating the herpes zoster, under the condition that no traditional Chinese and western medicines for treating the herpes zoster appear on the market at present, the traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating the herpes zoster through external application has unique skills and curative effects, that is, the defect that no traditional Chinese and western medicines for treating the herpes zoster exist at present is overcome, the selected traditional Chinese medicinal materials are non-toxic and appropriate in compatibility, the traditional Chinese medicine composition is simple to operate (blended with warm boiled water and smeared), convenient to use (the patient can be cured in five to seven days after being smeared once), high in safety, free of side effects, short in curative effect and quick in effect taking (the pain is gradually reduced after about half an hour is smeared), and no postherpetic neuralgia is left after the patient is cured.

The invention provides a new painless equipment, the painless equipment comprises a first insertion tube, a first parcel excrement belt, a cutting net, a first curved bar and a second curved bar. The first insertion tube and the second insert tube are both medium and hollow tubular structures with slit in the side wall, the inside of the first insertion tube and the second insertion tube have a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism respectively. The first driving mechanism is connected to one end of the first parcel excrement belt, and the other end of the parcel excrement belt is fixed on the first curved bar through the slit in the side wall. The equipment has a very good effect on the patient's clinical practice through the examination of the rectal doctor. The damage to the patient is small, the pain is light and the good effect is easy to achieve. Because of the rotation of the rectum with a curved bar which is matched with the rectum and anus joints, the excrement can be thoroughly removed and the excrement accumulated in the body can be removed. In addition, due to the use of the cutting net in the process of comminuted cutting, the process of taking excrement has low demands on the anal expansion and the patient's degree of pain is low.

The invention relates to burn pain-relieving, swelling-diminishing and granulation-promoting liquid cream and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of medicine preparation ofChinese and Western medicines. The burn pain-relieving, swelling-diminishing and granulation-promoting liquid cream is prepared by combining 12 Chinese herbal medicines and Western medicines, has thefunctions of clearing away heat, detoxifying, alleviating pain, inhibiting bacteria, alleviating seepage, promoting growth, and eliminating necrotic tissues and promoting granulation, has wide indications and rapid effect and is convenient to use; the medicine is used on burnt and scalded parts and the pain feeling disappears after 30 minutes; in dressing exchanging and wound healing processes, no pain feeling is caused; after deep III-degree wounds are healed, scars are remained; scars are not remained after other wounds are healed; the problems of an existing traditional Chinese medicine preparation for external use that the pain relieving is slow, the adhesion pain feeling is strong and the wound healing time is long in the dressing exchanging process when the preparation is used for treating middle-area and small-area burns and patients with light and moderate burns are solved; the requirements of treating the middle-area and small-area burns by people are met.

The invention relates to the technical field of application and treatment of popliteal cyst, and particularly relates to a popliteal cyst treating device. The device comprises a puncturing tube, a connecting part, an on-off part, a pressing ball body, a liquid collecting box and a liquid box, wherein the puncturing tube is connected to an output; an input I is connected to a chamber I through an input tube; an input II is connected to an output tube through the on-off part, and the output tube communicates with a chamber II; an one-way valve I is arranged on the input tube; an one-way valve IIis arranged on the output tube; a communication part is arranged between the chamber I and the chamber II; the liquid collecting box is connected to the chamber II; a tube clamp III is arranged on aconnecting tube which is connected to the chamber II; the liquid box is correspondingly connected to the chamber I and the input tube; a mesh bag is arranged in the liquid collecting box. The device has the characteristics of reducing the operation time, avoiding wound infection, and being minimum in trauma, small in pain, fast to recover, and repeatable; and the device does not influence the workand the living of a patient during being used.

The pile treating Chinese medicine preparation is prepared with dark plum, gallnut, flavescent sophora root, prepared pangolin scale, calcined oyster shell and other seven kinds of Chinese medicinal materials. The pile treating Chinese medicine preparation has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic material, moisturizing the intestine, promoting urination and stopping bleeding, and is suitable for treating various types of piles without recurrence.

The invention discloses a flail chest treatment device. The flail chest treatment device comprises a rib supporting plate and an outer fixing mechanism, wherein the rib supporting plate is vertically arranged at inner side of a fracture rib and the upper and lower ends of the rib supporting plate are fixed on a normal rib respectively; the outer fixing mechanism covers the outer wall of a chest; the rib supporting plate comprises a long-strip-shaped base plate; an upper fixed plate is arranged at the upper end of the base plate and a lower fixed plate is arranged at the lower end of the base plate; the upper fixed plate is provided with a dragging hole for dragging the base plate; at least three threaded holes for mounting self-tapping screws are transversely formed in the lower fixed plate. According to the flail chest treatment device, the rib supporting plate is matched with the outer fixing mechanism, and the fracture rib can be reset as soon as possible and is fixed, so that paradoxical respiration is effectively eliminated and flail chest is rapidly treated.