The invention relates to a method for carrying out distributed multi-jump energy-saving communication in a wireless sensor network. In a process of cluster head selection, a node with large energy is preferentially used as a cluster head, and cluster heads with the same energy can not collide in a process of cluster head competition, thereby the cluster heads are uniformly distributed. In a process of transmitting data to a base station from the cluster heads, the cluster heads uniformly distributed in the network constitute a route tree, and the quantity of cluster head nodes directly communicating with the base station is reduced in the mode of multi-jump transmission, thereby energy consumption is further reduced. Simultaneously, the method also limits the shortest transmitting distance of a multi-jump route, lowers the circuit consumption of a middle node, reduces the transmission times of multi-jump data, saves the energy consumption of the network, weakens the hot problems in the network, saves network energy, keeps network load balanced and prolongs the life cycle of the network.