The invention relates to the field of marine equipment and discloses an underwater sonar measuring equipment laying and retracting mechanism. The underwater sonar measuring equipment laying and retracting mechanism comprises a base, a laying frame, a laying rod and a rotating shaft, wherein a screw rod bearing seat and a guide rail are fixed to the base; the laying frame comprises a locking hook and an installation frame; the laying rod comprises a first laying connecting rod, a second laying connecting rod and a third laying connecting rod which are connected in sequence; one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a round shaft body, and the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with two hinged semi-arc-shaped hinges; one of the semi-arc-shaped hinges is fixed to the round shaft body, and the other semi-arc-shaped hinge is movable; and after being fastened, the hinges are locked through screws so that the laying rod can be clamped. According to the underwater sonar measuring equipment laying and retracting mechanism, the laying mode is simple, the structure is reliable, after working is completed, equipment can be retracted to a ship side by rotating the laying rod, and the laying and retracting mechanism can sail along with a ship or conduct secondary testing without being disassembled. The underwater sonar measuring equipment laying and retracting mechanism has good suitability and can be carried on the outer sides of ships with various shapes and sizes.