The invention discloses an environment-friendly printing and drying device for green printing of paperboards, and relates to the technical field of printing. The drying device comprises a drying device body, the drying device body comprises a conveying frame, a drying box, an air inlet, a heating plate, an air guide plate, a cold fan, an air separation plate, air suction ports and a dust collection box, wherein the drying box is fixedly arranged on the upper side of one end of the conveying frame, the air inlet is fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end of the drying box, and the heatingplate is located below the air inlet. According to the environment-friendly printing and drying device for green printing of paperboards, on one hand, the heating plate can heat air blown into the air inlet, the hot air is used for drying the printed paper board, on the other hand, the air guide plate can guide hot air to uniformly dry the paper board, air guide holes in the air guide plate are provided with two layers, the wind speed can be slowed down when the hot air is evenly blown to the lower end, and the wind speed can be prevented from being too high, in addition, the dried paper canbe blown and aired by the cold fan, and the temperature of the dried paper is prevented from being too high.