The invention relates to a
spacecraft fault detection method based on Riemannian measurement, and belongs to the technical field of fault diagnosis. The method comprises the steps of 1, collecting N groups of off-line process data {Y1,..., YN} under the fault-free condition, and establishing a
positive definite matrix rho (n) = [P1,..., PN]; 2, calculating a Riemannian center Pg of the
positive definite matrix [P1,..., PN] through an iterative solution method; 3, sequentially calculating performance indexes Ji corresponding to the offline process data, and calculating a threshold value Jth through a threshold value setting
algorithm; and 4, obtaining an online sample value, calculating a
performance index J of the online sample value, comparing J with the threshold value Jth obtained in the step 3, if J is greater than or equal to Jth, giving a fault alarm, and if J is less than Jth, determining that no fault exists. According to the method, the fault is detected based on the batch
data matrix, the matrix covers the mean value, the
covariance and the uncertain information, and the uncertainty can be effectively processed by adopting the Riemannian center.