The invention provides a human leukocyte antigen gene detection kit for screening skin drug adverse reaction caused by salazosulfapyridine, belongs to the technical field of biomedicine, and relates to a detection kit of human leukocyte antigen gene HLA-B*13:01, wherein the HLA-B*13:01 gene can be adopted as the marker gene of salazosulfapyridine-induced DRESS. According to the present invention, DNA is extracted from the peripheral blood of a patient, and the HLA-B*13:01 gene is detected by using the current method, such as PCR-SSO (sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe) method; and the HLA-B*13:01 gene detection kit of the present invention can be used for screening before the salazosulfapyridine use and screening the target drug for treatment of salazosulfapyridine-induced DRESS, wherein the screening before the salazosulfapyridine use can guide the clinical medication so as to reduce the occurrence of the salazosulfapyridine-induced DRESS, and the drug screening mainly act on the HLA-B*13:01 molecules in a targeting manner so as to block the interaction between the HLA-B*13:01 molecules and the salazosulfapyridine or the metabolites thereof in the pathogenesis.