The invention relates to a calibration method and a control method for a
permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a
bench test control system. The calibration method comprises the steps of: enabling a
dynamometer to use a rotational speed
control mode in order to stabilize the rotational speed of a motor to be calibrated at a set rotational speed n; enabling the motor to be calibrated to use a torque
control mode, setting a d-axis current given value idref1 and a torque instruction value Tref, and after the motor operates stably, recording the corresponding q-axis current given value iqref1 and the
DC bus power Q1; giving a d-axis current given value idrefj, 2 <= j <= n, idref1 > idref2 > ...> idrefn, and under each idrefj, recording the corresponding iqrefj and Qj after the motor runs stably; searching for the idrefj and iqrefj, corresponding to the minimum Qj, as the
maximum torque power ratio calibration data corresponding to the Tref and n; and repeating the above processes to obtain
maximum torque power ratio calibration data corresponding to different torque instruction values and the rotational speeds. The method, by calibrating the
maximum torque power ratios corresponding to different torque instruction values and rotational speeds, finally realizes the control of a
motor system and achieves the highest
system efficiency.