The invention discloses an intelligent dispatching and decision-making method based on flood control and drought prevention under extreme climate conditions, which is used in areas along the river and includes the following steps: step 1), acquiring and collecting various original data; step 2), initially establishing a virtual reservoir model; step 3), model optimization; step 4), using the final data model obtained in step 3), output various data to each sub-function module, so as to achieve intelligent scheduling decision-making for flood control and drought prevention in the area along the river under extreme climatic conditions Purpose. This method can ensure the scientificity, accuracy and reliability of the data, and achieve the effect of expert early warning support and decision-making plan analysis. For the sudden rainstorm process, it can respond in time, and immediately start the pumping station to drain waterlogging, which not only reduces the amount of accumulated water, but also In addition, it greatly reduces the full-load working process of the pumping station, saves energy and reduces emissions, effectively improves the early warning and processing capacity of flood and drought prevention in the riverside area, and drives the overall level of water resources dispatching management, which is extremely practical.