The invention provides a radio frequency identification tester calibration device and method. The device comprises an attenuator, a frequency meter, a microwave power meter, an induction coil, a vector signal analyzer and a signal generator, wherein the transmitting end of a radio frequency identification tester is connected with the attenuator, the frequency meter is connected with the output end of the attenuator, the microwave power meter is connected with the output end of the attenuator, the induction coil is connected with the transmitting end of the radio frequency identification tester, the output end of the induction coil is connected with a digital oscilloscope, the vector signal analyzer is connected with the transmitting end of the radio frequency identification tester, the signal generator is connected with receiving end of the radio frequency identification tester, and the output end of the signal generator is connected the receiving end of the radio frequency identification tester and the input end of the microwave power meter. The radio frequency identification tester calibration device and method can precisely calibrate the radio frequency identification tester used during radio frequency identification card testing.