The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition and preparation for treating cough and asthma in children, which is composed of the following raw materials: loofah pulp, perilla leaf, citronella, coleus, bellflower, dried persimmon cream, nandina and licorice. Preparation method: Take the above eight flavors, add 70% ethanol and 10 times the amount of reflux to extract three times, each time for 1.5 hours, combine the three extracts, filter, and use the filtrate for later use; add ten times the amount of the other seven flavors except dried persimmon cream Boil in water three times, 1 hour each time, concentrate under reduced pressure to a clear paste with a relative density of 1.10-1.22 at 60°C, add ethanol to make the alcohol content reach 60%, let it stand for 24 hours, take the supernatant, and mix with Coleus spp. Combine the ethanol extracts, recover ethanol and concentrate under reduced pressure to form a thick paste, add dried persimmon cream, auxiliary materials, and seasoning to make granules, and dry to make 1000g. The invention has the effects of clearing the lung, relieving the exterior and dispelling cold, regulating qi, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, and has the advantages of treating both symptoms and root causes, controllable quality and definite curative effect.