67 results about "Path dependent" patented technology

A method and system for computing the probability of attaining one or multiple financial goals is disclosed. Each goal is analyzed and reduced to a series of cash flows. A threshold criterion of success is established. A plurality of paths are generated. Each path is checked on the basis of the success criterion established earlier and those that do not meet the success criterion are considered failures. The probability of success is a function of the paths that are not failures

A dispenser for flowable media is provided, which operates in user-independent manner with respect to the pressure buildup and dosage quantity. On pressing on an operating head (35) a piston rod (29) is forced into a pump cylinder. As the pump chamber (52) is sealed by means of a delivery valve (51), which operates in path-dependent manner as a slide valve, under the action of a spring (42) pressing on the piston collar (43), a pressure builds up in the pump chamber (52), which is released following a predetermined length of travel on opening the delivery valve. A relatively constant pressure can be obtained over the entire discharge phase through the pretension of spring (42).

In order to solve the technical problems of the prior art, the invention provides a message transmission method, apparatus and system which can increase the forwarding efficiency wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying by the first node of a designated path the path identifier of the designated path in the message; placing the path identifier in a message header extension layer or a destination address field or an outer layer tag wherein the path identifier is used to direct the forwarding of the message; and after the message carries the path identifier, forwarding the message to the downstream node of the designated path by the forwarding path of the designed path according to the path identifier forwarding entry. According to the technical schemes proposed by the embodiments of the invention, the forwarding node relies directly on the path identifier to check table and forward without other processing on the package of the message head, therefore, increasing the forwarding efficiency.

Methods and apparatus provide for calculating expected present values and conditional probabilities of future payments of path-dependent rules-based securities or derivative contracts using iterative conditional probability calculation methods, including: (a) breaking a payment horizon of the securities or derivative contracts into N time increments over time t=0 to t=N; (b) initializing an array of state variables to assumed values at t=0; (c) applying transition probability models to the assumed values of the state variables at time t=0 and calculating a joint probability distribution for the state variables at time t=1; (d) applying payment calculation models to both the t=0 and t=1 values of the state variables and calculating probabilities and expected present values for the securities or derivative contracts payments occurring between t=0 and t=1 based on values of the state variables at times t=0 and t=1; (e) repeating steps (c)-(d) iteratively at each time t and calculating joint probability distributions for the state variables, probabilities, and expected present values of the the securities or derivative contracts payments occurring between times t and t+1 based on values of the state variables at times t and t+1; and (f) summing the probabilities and the expected present value calculations across time and values of the state variables to obtain the expected present values and conditional probabilities of the future payments of the path-dependent rules-based securities or derivative contracts.

A system and method for providing quality of service (QoS) service over a mobile IP network with dynamic domains, multiple or distributed QoS managers per domain and / or with network congestion feedback being used to establish an estimated total domain bandwidth which is used for regulating access to a domain.

Provided is a process, including: obtaining a first training dataset of subject-entity records; training a first machine-learning model on the first training dataset; forming virtual subject-entity records by appending members of a set of candidate action sequences to time-series of at least some of the subject-entity records; forming a second training dataset by labeling the virtual subject-entity records with predictions of the first machine-learning model; and training a second machine-learning model on the second training dataset.

Systems and methods of predicting sheet metal forming failure using numerical simulations (e.g., finite element analysis) are disclosed. A FEA model is defined for a particular sheet metal forming process. Blank sheet metal is modeled with a plurality of shell elements. Additionally, a deformation path-dependent forming limit diagram (FLD) is converted to a path-independent FLD. A time-marching simulation of the sheet metal forming process is conducted using the FEA model. At each solution cycle, equivalent strain at each integration point of shell element is checked against the corresponding forming limit strain value of the path-independent FLD. The ratio of the equivalent strain and the forming limit strain is defined as formability index. A time history of the formability index of each shell element is saved into a file and displayed to a monitor upon user's instructions. When a particular element's formability index reaches one or higher, a localized necking is predicted.

A network protection switching mechanism comprises a plurality of optical switches located at a plurality of nodes; a plurality of optical communication paths between said switches; switch based fault detectors located as part of at least two switches which generate detection results representative of the identification of a fault; switch based controllers located as part of said at least two switches; and internal switch-communication means between said fault detectors and said controllers which facilitate the transmission of detection results from said fault detectors to said controllers; wherein said controllers directly cause switching to an alternative optical communication path dependent upon the receipt of said detection results; whereby autonomous switch based protection without dependence on either inter-switch control communication or higher level network control communication is achieved.

Methods and apparatus provide for calculating expected present values and conditional probabilities of future payments of path-dependent rules-based securities or derivative contracts using iterative conditional probability calculation methods, including: (a) breaking a payment horizon of the securities or derivative contracts into N time increments over time t=0 to t=N; (b) initializing an array of state variables to assumed values at t=0; (c) applying transition probability models to the assumed values of the state variables at time t=0 and calculating a joint probability distribution for the state variables at time t=1; (d) applying payment calculation models to both the t=0 and t=1 values of the state variables and calculating probabilities and expected present values for the securities or derivative contracts payments occurring between t=0 and t=1 based on values of the state variables at times t=0 and t=1; (e) repeating steps (c)-(d) iteratively at each time t and calculating joint probability distributions for the state variables, probabilities, and expected present values of the securities or derivative contracts payments occurring between times t and t+1 based on values of the state variables at times t and t+1; and (f) summing the probabilities and the expected present value calculations across time and values of the state variables to obtain the expected present values and conditional probabilities of the future payments of the path-dependent rules-based securities or derivative contracts. By using the foregoing iterative conditional probability calculation methods it is possible to evolve a composite state variable CSV in a path-independent manner and use CSV to calculate present value cash-flow of a path-dependent rules-based security.

The invention provides a message forwarding method, an apparatus, and a system. The method includes: a first message sent by a gateway is received and analyzed, and a source IP address and a source MAC address of the first message are obtained; a host cache table is inquired, and when the host cache table does not have a mapping relation between the source IP address and the source MAC address, the mapping relation between the source IP address and the source MAC address is saved in the host cache table; according to the first message, a response message is generated, the host cache table is inquired, and a first destination MAC address corresponding to a first destination IP address in the response message is obtained; and according to the first destination MAC address corresponding to the first destination IP address in the response message, the response message is forwarded to an external network via the gateway. According to the message forwarding method, the apparatus, and the system, as long as paths dependent on bidirectional messages are consistent, operating business can work in a normal manner.

Systems and methods of predicting sheet metal forming failure using numerical simulations (e.g., finite element analysis) are disclosed. A FEA model is defined for a particular sheet metal forming process. Blank sheet metal is modeled with a plurality of shell elements. Additionally, a deformation path-dependent forming limit diagram (FLD) is converted to a path-independent FLD. A time-marching simulation of the sheet metal forming process is conducted using the FEA model. At each solution cycle, equivalent strain at each integration point of shell element is checked against the corresponding forming limit strain value of the path-independent FLD. The ratio of the equivalent strain and the forming limit strain is defined as formability index. A time history of the formability index of each shell element is saved into a file and displayed to a monitor upon user's instructions. When a particular element's formability index reaches one or higher, a localized necking is predicted.

Provided is a polarization coding quantum cryptography system. The quantum cryptography includes a light source, a quantum channel, an optical path selector, and a path-dependent polarization selector. The light source generates a signal light. The quantum channel is used as a path to transmit the signal light to a receiver unit. The optical path selector is disposed between the light source and the quantum channel to transmit the signal light to one of a plurality of propagation paths. The path-dependent polarization selector is disposed between the optical path selector and the quantum channel. Herein, the path-dependent polarization selector is configured to determine the polarization direction of the signal light according to the propagation path of the signal light.

A gas spring comprises a cylindrical casing, in which a piston rod is guided for displacement concentric of a central longitudinal axis. A damping piston is mounted on the piston rod, dividing the interior of the casing into two sectional casing chambers. A filling of compressed gas is provided inside the casing. A damping device is provided for velocity-dependent damping of a motion of stroke of the damping piston and another damping device is provided for path-dependent damping of a motion of stroke of the damping piston. The result is a gas spring of excellently controllable stroke behaviour.

The apparatus according to the invention comprises an object lens which can operate in at least two different measuring modes. In a first, interference mode a workpiece is measured by means of interference optometry. In a second, imaging measuring mode an optical image is produced, for example, on a camera-like detector array and may be applied to an image processing routine. Switching between the two measuring modes is performed by the type of illumination of the object lens and an element which is disposed preferably in the reference beam path of an interferometer and which activates or deactivates the reference beam path dependent on the spectral composition of the utilized light. In this manner a simple and rapid changeover between the two measuring modes is provided, without the need for replacing or even for moving the object lens. Apart from the rapidity of changeover, a good correlation is achieved between the measuring data which are yielded by the interferometry and by the image processing and which are obtained in one and the same reference coordinate system.