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286 results about "Osmotic coefficient" patented technology
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An osmotic coefficient φ is a quantity which characterises the deviation of a solvent from ideal behaviour, referenced to Raoult's law. It can be also applied to solutes. Its definition depends on the ways of expressing chemical composition of mixtures. The osmotic coefficient based on molality b is defined by: φ=(μA*-μA)/RTMA∑ᵢbᵢ and on a mole fraction basis by: φ=-(μA*-μA)/RTlnxA where μA* is the chemical potential of the pure solvent and μA is the chemical potential of the solvent in a solution, MA is its molar mass, xA its mole fraction, R the gas constant and T the temperature in kelvins.
Elastomeric Compositions Having Improved Properties
ActiveUS20100036038A1Improved bending fatigue propertiesPlastic/resin/waxes insulatorsSpecial tyresElastomerOligomer
Elastomeric compositions comprising at least one C4 to C7 monoolefin elastomer, at least one polyalphaolefin, and optionally at least one hydrocarbon polymer additive are disclosed. The PAO comprises oligomers of one or more C2 to C20 alpha-olefins having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 3 to 3000 cSt and a Mw / Mn of less than 4. In one aspect, the elastomeric composition may have improved flex fatigue properties and have a fatigue life of 450,000 Kc or more as measured by ASTM D 412 die C. In another aspect, an elastomeric composition may have improved impermeability and have a permeation coefficient at 40° C. of 160 cc*mm / (m2−day) or less.
Owner:EXXONMOBIL CHEM PAT INC
Device and method for measuring permeability coefficient of rock material under action of seepage-stress coupling
InactiveCN101915724AReduce volatilityHigh degree of automationPermeability/surface area analysisMaterial weighingMeasurement deviceCoupling
The invention discloses a device for measuring the permeability coefficient of rock material under the action of seepage-stress coupling, which comprises a triaxial pressure chamber balance system, a permeability coefficient acquisition system and a data acquisition and processing system, wherein the triaxial pressure chamber balance system loads samples axially or laterally through different stress paths; the permeability coefficient acquisition system is connected with the triaxial pressure chamber balance system so as to realize the determination for the quality of penetrating fluid of rock material sample; and the data acquisition and processing system regularly acquires the quality of penetrating fluid of rock material, calculates penetration flow and permeability coefficient, and draws a relationship curve of the permeability coefficient and time, and simultaneously, the data acquisition and processing system also forms a data format of the quality, the penetration flow and the permeability coefficient for storage and display. Such a measurement device can measure the permeability coefficient, as time and stress change, under different stress loading paths, has simple operation and reliable result, and can display the result visually. The invention also discloses a measurement method adopting the measurement device.
Owner:HOHAI UNIV
Indoor grouting testing device under simulation of complex stress effect and testing method thereof
InactiveCN103018152ASolve drainage problemsDoes not affect the drainage effectPermeability/surface area analysisRubber membranePressure system
Owner:HUNAN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Low moisture permeability laminate construction
ActiveUS20100024941A1Improve bindingImproved vulcanizable layered constructionRecord information storageMagnetic recordingElastomerResin matrix
An article having a fluid permeation prevention layer, such as a pneumatic tire or hose. A tire for example includes an outer tread layer, intermediate sidewall and carcass layers and an innermost air permeation prevention layer: (i) the air permeation prevention (APP) layer having an upper and a lower surface, the layer having a polymer composition exhibiting an air permeation coefficient (APC) of about 25×1O′12 cc cm / cm2 sec cmHg (at 30* C) or less and a Young's modulus of about 1 MPa to about 500 MPa, the polymer composition comprising: (A) at least 10 wt % of at least one. thermoplastic resin component having an APC of about 25×1O″12 cc cm / cm2 sec cmHg (at 30° C.) or less and a Young's modulus of more than 500 MPa, which is preferably a polyamide resin or mixture, and (B) at least 10 wt % of at least one elastomer component having an APC of more than about 25×10″12 cc cm / cm2 sec cmHg (at 30° C.) and a Young's modulus of not more than 500 MPa, which elastomer component is preferably a halogen-containing rubber or mixture, the total amount (A)+(B) being not less than about 30 wt %, and the elastomer component is a dispersed vulcanized, discontinuous phase in the thermoplastic resin matrix; and (ii) at least one thermoplastic laminate layer bonded to at least said lower surface of the APP layer, the thermoplastic layer comprising a film-forming, semi-crystalline, substantially hydrophobic carbon chain polymer having a glass transition temperature, Tg, of less than about −200 C.
Owner:EXXONMOBIL CHEM PAT INC +1
Negative pressure osmosis test device
InactiveCN103411869ASolving Penetration Testing ProblemsSimple structurePermeability/surface area analysisWater storageVacuum pumping
The invention discloses a negative pressure osmosis test device which comprises a base, a soil sample ring, a porous permeable stone, a water storage container, an electronic balance, a vacuum pump, a pressure gauge and a sealed container, wherein the soil sample is arranged in the cylindrical soil sample ring, the upper end of a sample is connected with the water storage container, and the bottom end of the sample is connected with the sealed container and the vacuum pump; a pressure difference is formed at two ends of the soil sample through vacuum-pumping, and water seeps in the soil sample under the action of the pressure difference; an osmotic coefficient of the soil sample can be obtained through calculating the amount of water passing though the soil sample in unit time; a load applying piston at the upper end of the sample can apply vertical load so as to solidify the soil; osmosis tests of different solidifying pressures can be performed to simulate the seepage of the practical field soil under different stress environments; the osmosis test can be directly performed on the prepared soil sample. Therefore, the test device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, quick and convenient test, and obviously shortened test time, and is particularly suitable for the osmosis test of low-osmosis soil samples.
Owner:HEFEI UNIV OF TECH
Experiment-numerical analysis combined determination method for relative permeability coefficient of unsaturated soil
ActiveCN103760089AHigh standardTroubleshoot testing difficultiesPermeability/surface area analysisOsmotic coefficientStructural analysis
The invention relates to an experiment-numerical analysis combined determination method for the relative permeability coefficient of unsaturated soil. The method comprises simple experiment tests and numerical analyses, the relative permeability coefficient equation of soil under unsaturated state is obtained via simple laboratory experiments and numerical optimization fitting analyses, therefore, the relative permeability coefficient of the unsaturated soil is obtained by calculation. The method is mainly suitable for cohesive soil with a small permeability coefficient. At the same time, the invention provides a numerical analysis procedure which comprises a basic analysis module and an optimization back analysis module, wherein the basic analysis module simulates the dehydration process of test specimens under the condition of a given boundary; the optimization back analysis module takes a determined dehydration mass-time curve as basic input to confirm two parameters Pr and m describing the changes of the relative permeability coefficient of the unsaturated soil along with saturation via an orthogonal optimization method in the numerical analyses. The method is simple in experiments, convenient to operate, wide in usable ranges and good in accuracy; the determined relative permeability coefficient equation can be directly applied to soil engineering structure analyses.
Owner:SHANDONG AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Apparatus for layered undisturbed soil seepage experiment
InactiveCN102519856AExercise practical abilityPermeability/surface area analysisOsmotic coefficientEngineering
The invention relates to an apparatus for a layered undisturbed soil seepage experiment. The apparatus comprises a pedestal, a seepage column connected to the pedestal, an upper end cover on the seepage column, a flowmeter, a silicone tube connected with the flowmeter, an overflow tank connected with the flowmeter through the silicone tube and a multi-parameter analyzer connected with a sensor onthe seepage column through a signal line. The invention can be used for determining penetration coefficient and dispersion coefficient in undisturbed soil in production, researching on influence of soil amendment on soil mechanical properties, researching on influences of leaching of different solutions on soil structure and influence of soil midstream on unsaturated zone soil and underground water, can also be applied to parameter determination in the relevant field of solute migration and can be used as a teaching apparatus.
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF GEOSCIENCES (WUHAN)
Blasting damaged rock sample preparation and micro-macro combined damage degree determination method
InactiveCN104949868AEasy to operateThe test data is reliableAnalysing solids using sonic/ultrasonic/infrasonic wavesPreparing sample for investigationDetonatorOsmotic coefficient
The invention discloses blasting damaged rock sample preparation and a micro-macro combined damage degree determination method, and belongs to a determination method for a damage degree of a damaged rock sample. The micro-macro combined damage degree determination method comprises the following steps: a, manufacturing a square rock with thickness of 105mm, putting an explosive and a detonator at the geometric center of the rock, adhering resistance strain gauges and acceleration sensors at key points of the rock, and connecting the resistance strain gauges and the acceleration sensors to a super dynamic data acquisition instrument; b, drilling the rock with large blasting fragment size with the key points as circle centers along the thickness direction, polishing standard rock samples, and collecting small irregular rocks; c, performing a mercury injection test on the irregular rocks, and performing CT, nuclear magnetic resonance, longitudinal wave velocity, osmotic coefficient, elasticity modulus and uniaxial compressive strength tests on the blasting damaged standard rock samples; e, performing identical micro-macro tests on homogeneous complete rock samples; and f, based on dynamic strains and acceleration waveforms, quantitatively determining the degree of damage, caused by blasting impact, to a rock material by synthesizing micro-macro test data. The determination method has the advantages of simplicity in operation and comprehensive and reliable test data.
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF MINING & TECH
Electronic level sensor and timer based falling head soil permeameter
ActiveUS20100043532A1Conduct permeabilityEfficient testingPermeability/surface area analysisPorosityOsmotic coefficient
Determination of hydraulic properties such as porosity and permeability of soil is of paramount importance in hydrology and civil engineering. In order to achieve greater accuracy in determination of permeability of soil using falling head permeameter, the two important known constraints of human monitoring error in noting the falling water level between two selected levels and elapse time between these two levels had overcome through electronically sensing the levels between two selected points and activating the timer clock automatically by the pulses coming from senor. The precision in measurement of time lapse in 1 / 100th a second enables greater accuracy in estimation of permeability. Provision of perforated Teflon disc above and below the soil core facilitates in application of water uniformly over the entire surface area of soil core at top and similar way permeated water leaving the soil core uniformly without any obstruction. The use of carbon steel seamless tube while collecting soil core facilitated in undisturbed soil core recovery from desired depth section. The permeability test was conducted for various sorted sands of different size ranges and each sample was subjected to repetitive tests and elapsed time for each test was recorded from timer unit. Coefficient of Permeability was calculated for each test. The lab experiment conducted for sorted and unsorted sediments has yielded a consistent performance of Electronic level sensor and timer based falling head soil permeameter.
Owner:COUNCIL OF SCI & IND RES
Method for Removing Leukocyte and Filter for Use Therein
ActiveUS20080011691A1Improve performanceAvoid cloggingOther blood circulation devicesMedical devicesWhite blood cellOsmotic coefficient
A leukocyte-removing filter, characterized in that it comprises a filter material having a vertical permeation coefficient (kx) of 0.5×10−12 to 2.0×10−12 m2 and a ratio (ky / kx) of a horizontal permeation coefficient (ky) to kx of 0.5 to 1.5; and a method for removing leukocytes using said filter. The above leukocyte-removing filter has a higher leukocyte-removing performance per unit volume and also does not bring clogging nor increase of pressure drop.
Owner:ASAHI KASEI MEDICAL CO LTD
Penetration coefficient determination apparatus for permeable asphalt concrete track board test piece, and test method thereof
ActiveCN105203443AReasonable structureSimple and fast operationPermeability/surface area analysisWater storageGraduated cylinder
The invention provides a penetration coefficient determination apparatus for a permeable asphalt concrete track board test piece, and a test method thereof. The determination apparatus comprises a test device and a water supply device, and the test device comprises a workbench, an overflow water tank, an upper sleeve, a lower sleeve, two flanges, an electronic thermometer and a measuring cylinder; the outer sidewall of the upper sleeve is provided with water overflow ports connected with the inside of the upper sleeve, the two same flanges are provided with a ring of a slot, and the two flanges and the sleeve are cemented to form an integral body; the lower sleeve is connected through the overflow water tank, and the overflow water tank is provided with an overflow port and a water drainage port; the test piece is placed between the two flanges, a rubber sealing pad is arranged between each of the flanges and the test piece, the flanges are provided with screw holes, and the test piece is fixed through allowing long bolts to traverse through the screw holes and through using nuts; and the water supply device comprises a water storage barrel, a water pump and a power switch. The apparatus has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple operation, satisfactory solving of the seepage problem of the side wall, realization of flexible control of hydraulic gradient, and reasonable and reliable determination result.
Owner:YANGZHOU UNIV
Soil body horizontal osmotic coefficient measuring apparatus
InactiveCN102033034AAchieving Horizontal Penetration TestingSimple structurePermeability/surface area analysisOsmotic coefficientOsmosis
The invention discloses a soil body horizontal osmotic coefficient measuring apparatus which mainly comprises a stabilizing water supply system and an osmosis system, wherein the osmosis system mainly comprises a vertically arranged soil body sample chamber, an osmotic water distributing pipe arranged in the center of the sample chamber vertically and a water collector arranged outside the sample chamber and used for receiving osmotic water, wherein the sample chamber consists of a cylinder body, an upper close cover and a lower close cover, the wall surface of the cylinder body is uniformly distributed with osmotic water drain holes, the upper close cover and the lower close cover are airtightly connected with the cylinder body, the pipe wall of the water distributing pipe is uniformly provided with osmosis holes, the upper end of the water distributing pipe is closed and a pipe opening at the lower end of the water distributing pipe is communicated with the stabilizing water supply system after passing through the lower close cover of the sample chamber. The measuring apparatus can be adapted to different soil bodies, can measure soil body horizontal osmotic coefficients under the real state, can be used for measuring the sample horizontal impervious sloping and adapt to the requirement on the high head of the present high earth and rockfill dam, and meets the research demand on real engineering design and soil body osmosis characteristic.
Owner:SICHUAN UNIV
Laminate or thermoplastic polymer composition having low air permeability and pneumatic tire using same as inner liner
ActiveUS20090038729A1Without separate inflatable insertsWith separate inflatable insertsOsmotic coefficientRoom temperature
A laminate (C) of a thermoplastic polymer composition comprising: a thermoplastic resin composition (A) having an permeation coefficient of 10×10−12 cc·cm / cm2·sec·cmHg or less, laminated with a thermoplastic polymer composition (B) having a melt viscosity of 500-2000 Pa·s and a Young's modulus at a room temperature of 1-400 MPa, wherein the thickness of a layer of the thermoplastic resin composition (A) is 0.05-10 μm and the air permeation coefficient of the laminate (C) of 20×10−12 cc·cm / cm2·sec·cmHg or less, and a pneumatic tire using the above laminate (C) as an inner liner.
Owner:YOKOHAMA RUBBER CO LTD +1
Multi-state undisturbed soil column infiltration simulation system and unsaturated osmotic coefficient determination method
InactiveCN105911257AEasy to clean upConvenient experimentEarth material testingPermeability/surface area analysisOsmotic coefficientHigh intensity
The invention provides a multi-state undisturbed soil column infiltration simulation system and an unsaturated osmotic coefficient determination method. The simulation system comprises a bottom member, one or more soil column experiment standard members which are connected onto the bottom member and a multi-strength rainfall infiltration device arranged at the top of the soil column experiment standard members; a soil filling member of the simulation system is composed of a plurality of standard members and is automatically controlled by a computer; the determination of a rainfall infiltration coefficient and an osmotic coefficient is realized based on the system and testing steps and a calculation method are provided; in a determination process, a large-diameter undisturbed soil column is used for an indoor experiment and the multi-strength rainfall infiltration device is used for simulating three types of strength rainfall infiltration boundary conditions, such as low-strength rainfall whole infiltration boundary condition, a middle-strength rainfall radial flowing infiltration boundary condition and a high-strength rainfall stable infiltration boundary condition; and the multi-state undisturbed soil column infiltration simulation system has the characteristics of strong practicability, good utilization effect and convenience for popularization and utilization.
Owner:XIAN UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Pressure and water reduction construction method of ultra-deep foundation pit confined water
ActiveCN101736732AReduce depthReduce the magnitude of the impactSoil preservationConfined waterOsmotic coefficient
The invention relates to a pressure and water reduction construction method of ultra-deep foundation pit confined water, which is characterized in that field survey and test are performed to obtain the osmotic coefficient of a water-bearing stratum in the field, the quality of a formed hole is ensured by adopting a gas-lift reverse circulation guide pipe, a well casing structure is optimized, the geological conditions of the field can be adapted with a short filter, a tap is ensured to be deeply descended, and the water discharging amount is ensured at the same time. The invention has optimal water reduction effect, reduces influence on peripheral environments without high-power pumping equipment in the water reduction process, reduces energy consumption reduction, is convenient for construction and is especially suitable for the field with a thicker pebble layer, higher permeability and abundant water amounts.
Owner:SHANGHAI TUNNEL ENG CO LTD +2
Prediction method for saturated and unsaturated permeability coefficients of deformed soil based on fractal theory
The invention discloses a prediction method for saturated and unsaturated permeability coefficients of deformed soil based on a fractal theory. The prediction method comprises the following steps: taking a soil-water characteristic curve of soil samples before deformation as a reference state, using a fractal model of the oil-water characteristic curve and fitting to obtain a fractal dimension D0 and an air entry value Psi a0 before the deformation, making the fractal dimension unchanged before and after the deformation, combining with a prediction model of the deformed air entry value to obtain a deformed air entry value Psi a, combining the deformed fractal dimension D0 and air entry value Psi a through a saturated / unsaturated relative permeability coefficient model, predicting the saturated permeability coefficient and an unsaturated relative permeability coefficient of the deformed soil, and multiplying the saturated permeability coefficient and the unsaturated relative permeability coefficient to obtain the unsaturated permeability coefficient. The prediction method for the saturated and unsaturated permeability coefficients of the deformed soil based on the fractal theory disclosed by the invention overcomes the defects that the prediction of the permeability coefficients is empirically based, thereby lacking theoretical support and having complicated calculation, and has the advantages of having extremely important values in seepage theories and fluid-solid coupling research and engineering application of saturated / unsaturated soil.
Owner:HUBEI UNIV OF TECH
Selectively permeable material, method for producing selectively permeable membrane structure, selectively permeable membrane structure, and air conditioning system
InactiveUS20100132559A1Sufficient gas permeabilityHigh mechanical strengthCombination devicesSemi-permeable membranesOsmotic coefficientNitrogen
A permselective material has a polymer having an organosiloxane skeleton and containing a dispersed solid additive. When oxygen and nitrogen are passed through a membrane having the permselective material, the relation between the permeability coefficients [cm3·cm·sec−1·cm−2·cmHg−1] of oxygen and nitrogen at a temperature of 23±2° C. under a pressure difference of 1.05 atm to 1.20 atm through the membrane is expressed by Formula (1):0.94≤P(O2)P(N2)<1(1)where P(O2) denotes the permeability coefficient of oxygen, while P(N2) denotes the permeability coefficient of nitrogen.
Owner:SHIN-ETSU POLYMER CO LTD +2
GMS (groundwater modeling system)-based forecast method for ground water seepage fields at different mining levels of mining area
The invention discloses a GMS-based (groundwater modeling system) forecast method for ground water seepage fields at different mining levels of a mining area. The method comprises the steps that through performing analytical investigation on hydrogeological conditions of an area, boundary conditions and water containing bodies are generalized, ground water runoff conditions are analyzed, and coefficients of each source sink term are determined; the GMS is adopted to perform finite difference grid division on a simulation area, an initial water head is determined based on the water level of an observation well, hydrological parameters of each simulation sub-area are determined based on a pumping test and the provided data, hydrological module types of the source sink terms in the area are analyzed, assignment is performed on a corresponding hydrogeological map layer by combining the determined source sink term coefficients, and then a subarea map of the osmotic coefficients at different mining levels is obtained; prediction models for ground water seepage fields of a mining area are established based on GMS, and the observation data is utilized to adjust the hydrogeological parameters of the models, and finally, simulation is performed by combining with the discharge capacities at different mining levels to obtain the ground water seepage fields at different mining levels. The method has the advantages of convenience in operation, excellent three-dimensional visualization function and reliable result.
Owner:CENT SOUTH UNIV
Osmotic coefficient investigating method and instrument
InactiveCN1831514AAdjustable sizeImprove test efficiencyFoundation testingPermeability/surface area analysisTest efficiencySoil science
A method for determining osmotic coefficient includes using a vacuuming device to make soil sample be state of vacuum negative pressure and using pressure difference generated by vacuum as osmotic force when osmose is occurred, making water flow in soil sample to create vadose, measuring vadose amount and vadose time as well as vadose distance on soil sample for obtaining osmotic coefficient of tested soil sample. The device for realizing said method is also disclosed.
Owner:CENT SOUTH UNIV
Test method for measuring plastic concrete permeability coefficient
ActiveCN101949816AOvercome the problem that it cannot truly reflect the actual impermeabilityReduce resistancePermeability/surface area analysisPresent methodMass ratio
The invention discloses a test method for measuring plastic concrete permeability coefficient. Six test pieces are manufactured; butter is mixed with coal ash or cement at the mass ratio of 1:2-2.5 to prepare a sealing material for sealing the test pieces and a die trial. The water pressure of a permeameter is added to 0.2 MP once, constant pressure is kept for 6 hours, and the water seepage height is taken by ten moieties by splitting the test pieces. The relative permeability coefficient of the test piece is calculated according to the following formula: Kr=aDm2 / 2TH. The average value of the relative permeability coefficients of the six test pieces is the permeability coefficient of the plastic concrete. The invention fills the blank of the plastic concrete test method, and effectively overcomes the problem that the test result in the mix proportion design of the existing impermeable wall plastic concrete can not truly reflect the practical impermeable ability, thereby better matching the design index with reality.
Owner:SINOHYDRO BUREAU 14 CO LTD
Photochromic contact lens having excellent discoloring characteristic
InactiveUS7261844B2Improve eyesightGood colorOrganic chemistryDiffusing elementsOsmotic coefficientOxygen
Owner:MENICON CO LTD
Micropore channel-based saturated/unsaturated osmotic coefficient forecasting method
ActiveCN107063967AFit closelySimple calculationPermeability/surface area analysisPredictive methodsOsmotic coefficient
The invention relates to a micropore channel-based saturated / unsaturated osmotic coefficient forecasting method, which comprises the following steps: on the basis of a micro-connected channel seepage model and the capillary theory, building a model for forecasting a saturated / unsaturated osmotic coefficient through soil-water characteristic curves; obtaining the soil-water characteristic curve and a saturated osmotic coefficient of soil through a pressure plate apparatus and a varying head test; calculating a comprehensive osmotic ratio constant kc by using the model of the saturated osmotic coefficient; performing n equal division according to the comprehensive osmotic ratio constant kc of a certain type of soil and the actually measured soil-water characteristic curve, and calculating a saturated osmotic coefficient ks and an unsaturated relative osmotic coefficient kr of the type of soil by using the relevant model; multiplying the saturated osmotic coefficient ks and the unsaturated relative osmotic coefficient kr, thus obtaining an unsaturated osmotic coefficient kw. From a microscopic view, the method disclosed by the invention has an important significance for revealing an internal mechanism for controlling the size of an osmotic coefficient of the soil, analyzing seepage of unsaturated soil and researching hydromechanical coupling.
Owner:HUBEI UNIV OF TECH
Method of infiltrating enamel lesions
The present invention refers to a method of infiltrating enamel for the prevention and / or treatment of carious lesions comprising (a) exposing an enamel area to a conditioner comprising hydrochloric acid; (b) exposing the conditioned enamel area to an infiltrant; and (c) curing the infiltrant. The present invention further refers to a kit for carrying out the method of infiltrating enamel, which comprises a conditioner comprising hydrochloric acid and an infiltrant comprising at least one low viscous dental resin. The present invention also refers to a method for identifying an infiltrant by calculation of the penetration coefficient, and to an infiltrant identified by the method having a penetration coefficient of >50 cm / s or comprising a low viscous light curing resin having a penetration coefficient of >50 cm / s.
Owner:CHARITE UNIVS MEDIZIN BERLIN
Impervious material permeation deformation test apparatus for refuse landfill pad
InactiveCN101504354AGuaranteed simultaneitySimulation is accuratePermeability/surface area analysisUsing fluid meansData controlGeomembrane
The invention discloses a device for testing the penetration and deformation of an impervious material of a gasket of a landfill site. The device comprises a pressurization device, a data control device, a testing vessel and a data processing device; the testing vessel consists of two hollow hemispheres with wing edges; the impervious material of the gasket is arranged between two hollow hemispheres; and the testing device measures pressure at two sides of geomembrane to obtain the pressure difference, provides parameters for the deformation of the geomembrane under certain pressure and can establish a pressure-deformation quantity relation. The testing device has the functions of measuring the osmotic coefficient and the deformation of the impervious material of the landfill site and also has the function of measuring the osmotic coefficients under different pressures. Data acquisition of the testing device ensures the simultaneity of the data acquisition to allow the measured osmotic coefficient to be more accurate. The osmotic coefficient measured by the testing device can be directly read and also establish relations between the pressure and the osmotic coefficient and between the pressure and the deformation quantity; therefore, the device provides more reliable evidence for the engineering application and the estimation of imperviousness of the geomembrane.
Owner:INST OF ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
Clay film
ActiveUS20070027248A1Improve production efficiencyIncrease production speedWrappers shrinkageSynthetic resin layered productsOsmotic coefficientPliability
The present invention provides a clay film with excellent flexibility, whose main component is natural clay or synthetic clay, and in which there is uniform orientation in the clay particle layer, and relates to a novel clay film that has enough mechanical strength to be used as a self-supporting film, and has a structure in which layers of clay particles are highly oriented, and in which the main constituent component of the clay film is mica, vermiculite, montmorillonite, iron montmorillonite, beidellite, saponite, hectorite, stevensite, or nontronite, and which has excellent flexibility, undergoes no structural change at high temperatures of 250° C. and up to 600° C., contains no pinholes, and has a gas permeation coefficient of less than 3.2×10−11 cm2s−1cmHg−1 at room temperature for helium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, or air.
Owner:NAT INST OF ADVANCED IND SCI & TECH
Pervious template cloth permeability test method and device based on concrete slurry medium
InactiveCN101419152ASolve permeabilitySolve the problem of its changing lawPermeability/surface area analysisTest sampleOsmotic coefficient
The invention discloses a penetrability test method and a penetrability test device for an infiltrating formwork texture based on concrete grout medium. The method comprises the following steps: step one, cement mortar is prepared according to the mixing proportion of concrete construction, and is filled after stone coarse aggregate is removed, and the intact penetration side surface is applied with a saturated infiltrating formwork texture to be tested; step two, a horizontal load is exerted on a test sample, side pressures of concrete grouts at different positions in actual formwork engineering are simulated, steady pressure values are maintained, and the average water penetration and discharge amount and the average unit penetration and discharge rate of each corresponding timing unit are calculated; step three, test data are arranged to obtain an experimental expression of a comprehensive time-varying penetration coefficient; step four and step five, the mixing proportion of the test sample is changed or the side pressure values are adjusted to obtain experimental expressions of the comprehensive time-varying penetration coefficient under corresponding conditions; step six, the change rate psi of the comprehensive time-varying penetration coefficient is obtained; and step seven, the clogging degrees of the test sample, namely the saturated infiltrating formwork texture before and after the experiment are tested.
Owner:HOHAI UNIV
Similar material for small and medium solid-fluid coupled model test and preparation method thereof
ActiveCN103454127AImprove approximationImprove consistencyPreparing sample for investigationMaterial strength using tensile/compressive forcesRoom temperatureOsmotic coefficient
The invention discloses a similar material for a small and medium solid-fluid coupled model test and a preparation method thereof. The similar material is prepared from the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 71.7-79.2% of sand, 2.4-8.1% of cement, 2.4-11.0% of kaolin, 2.0-9.0% of vaseline and 4.6-6.7% of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighting the sand, the cement, the kaolin, the vaseline and the water in proportion; stirring the sand, the cement and the kaolin in a stirrer to form a first mixed material, and standing the first mixed material in a room at a temperature of 25 DEG C; uniformly stirring the water and the vaseline in a vessel to form a second mixed material; stirring the first mixed material and the second mixed material at a normal temperature for 3-5 minutes to form a third mixed material, then placing the third mixed material into a forming die, tamping and forming, standing the material at the room temperature for 24 hours after demolding and the like, thereby preparing the similar material. The prepared similar material has the uniaxial compressive strength of 0.3-0.8Mpa, the elastic modulus of 130-223Mpa, the osmotic coefficient of 7.45*10<-7>-9.37*10<-5>cm / s, the cohesive force of 54-87Kpa and the frictional angle of 34-46 degrees and is suitable for simulating the model tests of rocks with different mechanical properties and osmosis.
Owner:SHANDONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Soil body osmotic coefficient measurement method and device based on electroosmosis
InactiveCN101813603ASave measurement timeImprove accuracyPermeability/surface area analysisMeasurement deviceOsmotic coefficient
The invention relates to soil body osmotic coefficient measurement method and device based on electroosmosis, belonging to the technical field of measurement of soil body osmotic coefficients. The soil body osmotic coefficient measurement method is characterized by comprising the steps of: putting a saturated specimen into a cylindrical container made of insulating materials, sealing one end of the saturated specimen by using a cathode-sealed electrode plate, isolating from a water tank by using an anode permeable electrode plate, injecting water in the water tank, applying a direct current voltage between the cathode electrode plate and the anode electrode plate, rapidly forming a reverse hydraulic gradient of the saturated specimen under the electroosmosis, enabling the hydraulic gradient to be in balance with potential gradient rapidly, measuring the potential gradient ie and the hydraulic gradient ih under the balance state, coupling to obtain keie+khih=o under the balance state because an electroosmosis coefficient ke is known, and computing to obtain the soil body osmotic coefficient kh. The invention can greatly reduce the measurement time of a low-permeability clay electroosmosis coefficient, improves the measurement efficiency and the accuracy of the measurement result, and effectively lowers the cost; and the measurement device has high automatism and simple and easy test operation, and is beneficial to popularization.
Owner:TSINGHUA UNIV
Pneumatic tire having run flat capability
InactiveUS7117911B2Reduce weightIncrease running distanceWithout separate inflatable insertsWith separate inflatable insertsElastomerThermoplastic elastomer
A pneumatic tire having a runflat capability provided with a crescent shaped reinforcing rubber layer at the side part thereof, wherein an inner layer is composed of a thermoplastic elastomer composition containing (A) at least one thermoplastic resin having an air permeation coefficient of 100×10−12 cc·cm / cm2·sec·cmHg or less and a Young's modulus of more than 500 MPa and (B) at least one elastomer ingredient having an air permeation coefficient of 50×10−12 cc·cm / cm2·sec·cmHg or more and a Young's modulus of 500 MPa or less in amounts of at least 30% by weight based upon the total polymer ingredients and having an air permeation coefficient of 100×10−12 cc·cm / cm2·sec·cmHg or less.
Owner:THE YOKOHAMA RUBBER CO LTD
Soil water-gas collapsibility-consolidation-penetration combined determinator
InactiveCN106092853AIncrease flexibilityPressurized and stableEarth material testingPermeability/surface area analysisOsmotic coefficientEngineering
The invention discloses a soil water-gas collapsibility-consolidation-penetration combined determinator. The determinator comprises a collapsibility-consolidation-penetration permeameter, a water seepage coefficient determination system and an air permeation coefficient determination system. The collapsibility-consolidation-penetration permeameter comprises a base and a cutting ring. The cutting ring is filled with a soil sample. The top end of the soil sample is provided with a pressurization control system. The pressurization control system is provided with a dial indicator for determining displacement of a piston in the pressurization control system and a compression gauge for determining air pressure. The water seepage coefficient determination system and the air permeation coefficient determination system are connected to the collapsibility-consolidation-penetration permeameter through pipe ports. The determinator utilizes a modularization design, can carry out a standard height soil sample test, can prepare soil samples with different heights according to demands and test them and can realize simultaneous determination of a penetration coefficient, an air permeation coefficient, a concretion coefficient, a loess collapsibility coefficient and a penetration coefficient and air permeation coefficient after loess collapse. The determinator has the characteristics of good flexibility, short test period, stable and reliable pressure control, labor and time saving and high cost performance.
Owner:CHANGAN UNIV
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