The invention relates to a
surgical microscope (1) having a
microscope main objective (12) for the
visualization of an object plane (45) in an object region (9). The
microscope main objective (12) is passed through by a first stereoscopic component beam path (5) and by a second stereoscopic component beam path (7). The ophthalmologic
surgical microscope (1) includes an adjustable illuminating arrangement (15) which makes illuminating light available. The illuminating arrangement (15) has an illuminating optic having a beam deflecting unit (19) which is mounted on the side of the
microscope main objective (12) facing away from the object region (9) in order to direct the illuminating light through the microscope main objective (12) to the object region (9). In a first position of the illuminating arrangement (15), the illuminating light passes through the cross sectional area (89) of the microscope main objective (12) in an area section (91, 92), which at least partially surrounds the
optical axis of the first stereoscopic component beam path (5) and / or the
optical axis of the second stereoscopic component beam path (7). According to the invention, in an at least one further position of the illuminating arrangement (15), the illuminating light passes through the cross sectional area (89) of the microscope main objective (12) in a surface section (93, 95) whose area
centroid (97, 99) is spaced from the
optical axis of a stereoscopic component beam path (5, 7) by more than the stereo basis (101) of the two stereoscopic component beam paths (5, 7) from the optical axis of the other stereoscopic component beam paths (7, 5).