The invention discloses a method and a device for collecting user behavior data. The method includes when occurrence of any operation behavior is detected, generating operation behavior data corresponding to the operation behavior; matching a data item in the operation behavior data with strategy items in multiple preset screening statistical strategies, and if the data item is matched with any screening statistical strategy successfully, acquiring a first screening statistical strategy identity corresponding to the screening statistical strategy; combining the first screening statistical strategy identity with a unique user identity in the operation behavior data to generate a keyword; storing the operation behavior data with same keyword into a preset storage space. By the method and the device, through real-time pre-computation processing, when any operation behavior occurs, the operation behavior data are subjected to classified storage according to multiple conditions, so that description of the user operation behavior data is enabled to be richer, and analysis accuracy of the user behavior data is improved.