The invention discloses a design method and application of a close type speech audiometry vocabulary. The design method of the close type speech audiometry vocabulary comprises the steps of of 1, that the close type speech audiometry vocabulary comprises K vocabularies is set, wherein each vocabulary comprises H testing groups, the testing groups comprise testing items and confusing items, the length of the vocabulary is H, and H is any positive integral; 2, according to principles of shortness, phonemic balance, common use, coverage and equivalence, the K vocabularies are compiled in the step 1; 3, the close type speech audiometry vocabulary is calculated; 4, a testee conducts speech audiometry in a relatively quiet environment; 5, the audiometry is finished; 6, audiometry result calculation is conducted through a speech audiometry system according to the following steps.