The invention discloses a full-automatic concrete impermeability detection system which is characterized by comprising a to-be-detected box, a robot, a ground rail, an impermeability instrument, a code scanning mechanism, a reserved sample box, a waste collecting device, a code scanning failure placing platform and a program control cabinet, wherein the robot is slidably connected to the ground rail and comprises a rotatable telescopic arm and an end effector thereof, the end effector comprises a clamping mechanism and a suction nozzle; the to-be-detected box, the code scanning mechanism, the sample reserving box, the code scanning failure placing platform, the anti-permeability instrument and the waste collecting device are arranged on the two sides of the ground rail and are located in the moving range of an end effector of the robot; the program control cabinet is connected with and controls the robot, the code scanning mechanism and the anti-permeability instrument. According to the system, the robot can quickly pick up workpieces, positioning is simple, feeding and discharging are automatic, the running speed is high, code scanning, centering and dust removal are automatic, the test cost is reduced, labor intensity is reduced, and test efficiency is improved.