44results about How to "Clear action" patented technology

The invention discloses an automatic encasement system for Lilezuan milk bag gift boxes. The automatic encasement system comprises a milk bag integration conveying line (1), a milk bag robot (2) and a milk bag unit conveying line (4), wherein a milk bag clamp (3) at the lower end of a manipulator of the milk bag robot (2) catches a milk bag unit on the milk bag integration conveying line (1) and pushes the milk bag unit into a corresponding milk bag unit separation slot (41) under the condition that the milk bag unit is in a horizontal state; then a small baffle plate insertion machine (5) inserts a small baffle plate into a middle clearance of the milk bag unit, and a horizontal pushing mechanism (6) is used for horizontally pushing the milk bag unit with the inserted small baffle plate into a packaging case already provided with a large lining plate on a packaging case conveying line (9); finally the packaging case already provided with the large lining plate, the small baffle plate and the milk bag unit is covered and encased to finish the whole automatic encasement process. According to the automatic encasement system for the Lilezuan milk bag gift boxes, the milk bag encasement operation is creatively changed from vertical encasement into horizontal encasement, so that the production operation is more stable, the maintenance is easy and convenient, and the workload can be reduced to the maximum extent.

The invention discloses a movable windbreak for a bridge, and relates to a bridge technology. The movable windbreak comprises a plurality of movable windbreak units which are sequentially and linearly arranged along the bridge towards both sides of the bridge floor, wherein each movable windbreak unit comprises a movable windbreak face, a special driving mechanism, a bracket and a base. The movable windbreak for the bridge can effectively ensure the driving safety on the bridge under crosswind conditions, raise the ambient wind speed for driving on the bridge, effectively ensure the wind resistance safety of a major bridge structure after the windbreak is arranged, and effectively lower the cost of the major bridge structure in the aspect of wind resistance design.

The invention discloses an air conditioner cold water variable-flow system which comprises cold water unit systems and water supply loop systems. Each cold water unit system comprises a cold water unit, each water supply loop system comprises a water supply pipeline and a water return pipeline, a water supply main pipe is arranged between a water outlet of each cold water unit system and the corresponding water supply pipeline, and a water return main pipe is arranged between a water inlet of the cold water unit system and the corresponding water return pipeline. Water pump systems are arranged on the water supply pipelines or the water return pipelines, a communication bypass is arranged between the water supply pipeline and the water return pipeline of at least one water supply loop system, an automatic bypass valve is arranged on the communication bypass, a pressure difference sensor I is arranged between a water inlet and a water outlet of at least one cold water unit, or a flow sensor is arranged on a water inlet or a water outlet of at least one cold water unit, and a bypass valve control system is arranged between the pressure difference sensor I and the automatic bypass valve or between the flow sensor and the automatic bypass valve. The invention further discloses a control method of the air conditioner cold water variable-flow system.

An electric hair clipper with improved blade control structures for adjusting a scissors kit includes a combination housing provides a knob fitting portion, a pivot portion, an axial guiding slot, a motor receiving portion and a motor fixing portion. An adjusting knob provides a knob body and a pivot portion that pivots on the pivot portion of the combination housing, a turning operation portion around the adjusting knob for the finger to fiddle with and a pusher driving portion formed continuous various distance radially from the center of the pivot portion, an elastic orientation part is placed between the knob body and the combination housing. A motor unit is provided in the combination housing. A sliding pusher provides a body; a driven link portion that driven by the pusher driving portion of the adjusting knob to make the sliding pusher slide, a push head can push against the scissors kit.

The invention discloses a tube-type anastomat and a safety device of the tube-type anastomat. The safety device comprises a shell, a cocking handle, a driving rod and a safety block. The cocking handle can rotate relative to the shell, the driving rod can be connected to the shell through a first rotating shaft in a rotating mode, a pushing rod is installed at the position, away from the first rotating shaft, of the driving rod, pushing buttons are installed at the two ends of the pushing rod, and the driving rod can be rotated to a second position from a first position along the first rotating shaft through the pushing buttons. The safety block can be installed inside the shell in a rotating mode and is provided with a first end part and a second limiting part, wherein the first end part and the second limiting part are fixed in position, the first end part can abut against the cocking handle, and the second limiting part is of a U-shaped structure. The driving rod or the pushing rod can be connected with the inner walls of the two sides of the U-shaped structure of the second limiting part in a contact mode, and the second limiting part rotates along with rotation of the driving rod. The safety device is arranged inside the anastomat, in this way, space is saved, action is clear, the safety effect is remarkable, safety performance is high, and the hand feeling and the appearance effect are better.

The invention relates to a reliably movable lifting stopping device. The reliably movable lifting stopping device comprises a lower track and a driving device which are fixed on a base, a movable frame which is arranged on the lower track and can move between a distance set on the lower track, a steering pillar which is erected on the movable frame and steered by a steering mechanism controller, a lifting support arranged on the steering pillar, and a parking platform obliquely arranged on the lifting support. The reliably movable lifting stopping device is characterized in that the movable frame is connected with the driving device through a traction component, and the driving device is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the lower track to drive the movable frame to move on the lower track. The reliably movable lifting stopping device consists of different components for traction and positioning, and the improved technical scheme has the beneficial effects of being beneficial to the traction of the movable frame, avoiding slippage in the process that the movable frame moves to a vehicle entering or exiting position and then returns to a parking position, with definite action and timely and accurate positioning, and being beneficial to the improvement of the using safety. Meanwhile, power components are relatively few so as to be beneficial to the reduction of power loss and the improvement of transmission efficiency.

The invention discloses a safety device of a surgical operating instrument. The safety device comprises a shell, a hitting handle, a safety block and a limiting part. A base is arranged in the shell. The hitting handle rotates relative to the shell. The safety block is axially connected with the shell through a first rotating shaft in a rotating mode. The safety block comprises a first end and a second end. The limiting part is located in the base. The first end of the safety block makes contact with the limiting part. When the safety block axially rotates in the shell, the first end is clamped at a first position formed between the limiting part and the base, and the hitting handle abuts against the second end; when the first end is clamped at the second position formed between the limiting part and the base, the hitting handle is disengaged from the second end. The safety device is remarkable in safety effect, clear in action pointing in the operation process, ingenious in structure and high in stability and has a clear voice prompting function.

The invention discloses a method for vivo detection by using gesture recognition, which is characterized in that the method comprises a training data acquisition unit, a cascade analyzer unit, a facedetection unit and a living body inference reliability unit. The training data acquisition unit collects a plurality of gesture actions, and gives each gesture action command to save and create a corresponding folder in a jpg picture format; the cascade parser unit trains the collected actions, trains each folder in the training data acquisition unit, and generates a cascade parser after each folder is trained. The face detection unit is used for detecting the face of the recognition object, and then recognizing the instruction gesture. The living credibility unit scores the instruction gesture made by the recognition object, and then scores according to the recognition result of the gesture to obtain the living credibility data and the conclusion. The invention effectively avoids photo and video deception, loss of targets and other shortcomings.

The invention provides a lifting speed-controllable hydraulic cushion cylinder control system. The system comprises a fast cylinder, side cylinders, a fast cylinder rod cavity oil inlet return way, afast cylinder plug cavity oil inlet return way, side cylinder plug cavity oil inlet return ways, a control unit and hydraulic pipelines; and the system is characterized in that the side cylinders arearranged on the two sides of the fast cylinder respectively, the fast cylinder rod cavity oil inlet return way is connected with a rod cavity of the fast cylinder through one hydraulic pipeline, the fast cylinder plug cavity oil inlet return way is connected with a plug cavity of the fast cylinder through one hydraulic pipeline, and the side cylinder plug cavity oil inlet return ways are connectedwith plug cavities of the side cylinders through the hydraulic pipelines. The combination between the fast cylinder and the side cylinders is used, the structure is simple, the action is definite, the reliability is high, and the application range is wide; and under the condition that the energy consumption is not increased, an existing motor and an existing pump are used for realizing the actionof fast lifting and slow lifting of the hydraulic cushion cylinder, the speed of hydraulic equipment is increased, and the working efficiency is further improved.

The invention discloses a safety device of clip applier for medical use, which consists of a casing, and a percussion handle, a connecting rod, a shifting block and a safety block rotating against the casing respectively, wherein the safety block is mounted with a push rod at the position far from the shaft thereof; with the push rod, the safety block can rotate from the first limit position to the second limit position along the shaft; the percussion handle and connecting rod are linked in rotation; the connecting rod is provided with a first limit structure, and the shifting block is provided with a second limit structure that collides with the first limit structure for limiting; the shifting block is further provided with a first limit part with a slip groove structure; the first limit part of the shifting block and the push rod can rotate the clamp to make the first limit part rotate along with the safety block, thereby opening or closing the safety block. The safety device can guarantee safety well and move along a definite direction during operation, which can effectively prevent the clamp from the sliding caused by false percussion of instrument. Besides, the safety device has a light structure and favorable stability, and can give out clear sound prompts.

The invention discloses a tube-type anastomat and a safety device of the tube-type anastomat. The safety device of the tube-type anastomat comprises a shell, a cocking handle, a driving rod, a safety block and an elastic component. The cocking handle can rotate relative to the shell, the driving rod can be connected to the shell through a first rotating shaft in a rotating mode, a pushing rod is installed at the position, away from the first rotating shaft, of the driving rod, pushing buttons are installed at the two ends of the pushing rod, and the driving rod can be rotated to a second position from a first position along the first rotating shaft through the pushing buttons. The safety block can be installed inside the shell in a rotating mode and is provided with a first end part and a second end part, wherein the first end part and the second end part are fixed in position, the first end part can abut against the cocking handle, and the second end part is connected to the driving rod in an abutting mode and rotates along with rotating of the driving rod. The elastic component used for resetting is installed between the safety block and the shell. The safety device is arranged inside the anastomat, in this way, space is saved, action is clear, the safety effect is remarkable, safety performance is high, and the hand feeling and the appearance effect are better.

The invention discloses a robot automatic packaging system used for smiling face packets. The robot automatic packaging system comprises a packaging box conveyor line (100). A box opening and partitioning machine (1), a boxing machine (2) and a cover buckling machine (3) are sequentially arranged in the conveying direction of the packaging box conveyor line (100). Three stations including a box opening station, a lower partition plate station and a side partition plate station or four stations including a box opening station, a lower partition plate station, a gasket station and a side partition plate station are sequentially arranged in the box opening and partitioning machine (1). After single-side milk packets on pre-integration conveyor lines (23) are grabbed to a milk packet integration line (25) through single-side bag grabbing and conveying devices (24) in the boxing machine (2) to be integrated into milk packet units, a robot drives flexible clamping apparatuses (29) to conductgrabbing and boxing; and packaging boxes obtained after boxing are conveyed to the cover buckling machine (3) to be subjected to cover buckling. The system is specially designed for automatic packaging of the milk packets of the smiling face packets, the structure is clear, actions are accurate, rapidness and high efficiency are achieved, and the system is rich in elasticity.

The invention discloses a demoulding device for a water filling nozzle of an automobile water tank cover. The demolding device comprises a sliding table base (4), first forming sliding blocks (12), a second forming sliding block (13), a sliding block insert pin (11) and a linkage drive mechanism. The linkage drive mechanism is connected to the sliding table base (4). The number of the first forming sliding blocks (12) is two, and the two first forming sliding blocks (12) form the tank cover water filling nozzle after being coupled and are both connected with the linkage drive mechanism. After the above structure is adopted, the linkage drive mechanism can be in linkage to enable demoulding of the sliding block insert pin and demoulding of the first forming sliding blocks to be conducted synchronously, then demoulding together with the second forming sliding block is achieved, and the purpose of complete demoulding is achieved. Accordingly, the action is clear, the steps are reasonable, and products are not damaged.

The invention relates to an actuating structure of an electric connector, which comprises a base, a holding terminal positioned in a receiving room of the seat, and a shifting block slidably positioned at a center horizontal shifting room of the seat. The front and rear sides of the seat are provided with openings. A base portion of the holding terminal is provided with a penetrating passage, side plates with both front and rear sides bent, and suspending elastic arms relatively inwards obliquely extending from the rear sides of the side plates. Shifting surfaces are arranged at front and rear sides of the shifting block, a first position of each shifting surface is located outside a gap between the two suspending elastic arms of the holding terminal, such that the two suspending elastic arms may be held on the outer diameter of the center conductor of the cable. When a top-push block is moved towards a direction different form a holding direction of the cable, a second position of each shifting surface after horizontal displacement is located within the gap between the two suspending elastic arms of the holding terminal in a movement direction, such that the two elastic arms will be elastically deformed outwardly to insert or remove the center conductor of the cable in or from the opening, lest the outer diameter of the center conductor of the cable in the same direction is held or loosened in an operation manner of a tool.

The invention relates to a safety device and a medical instrument. The safety device comprises a bracket, a stop rod and a stirring piece, wherein a first guide part is arranged on the bracket; the first guide part comprises a first position and a second position; the stop rod is pivotally connected with the bracket; a second guide part is arranged on the stop rod; the stop rod is provided with an opening position and a closing position; the bracket is movably connected with the stop rod by the stirring piece through the first guide part and the second guide part; the stop rod is driven to switch between the opening position and the closing position relative to the bracket through the switching of the stirring piece between the first position and the second position. Due to the adoption of the structure, the action direction of the safety device is clear during an operating process; the structure is simple; the overall structure is small and modularized; the safety device can be applied to various types of medical instruments.

The invention relates to a food processing machine, and provides a tower screw shell tail removing device. The tower screw shell tail removing device comprises a sorting device and a cutting device; the sorting device comprises a vibrating disc, a spiral guide groove making tower screw shells arranged sequentially is formed in the vibrating disc, a conveying track connected with the cutting deviceis horizontally arranged at the tail end of the guide groove, and a clamping groove making tower screw shells conveyed with screw points facing downwards is formed in the conveying track; the cuttingdevice comprises a chute connected with the conveying track, strip-shaped cutters capable of moving relative to each other for cutting are arranged below the chute, the cutters are arranged in the length direction of the chute, and a collecting basket is connected to the outlet of the chute. By means of the tower screw shell tail removing device, tower screw shells can be conveniently sorted, cutting is performed after the screw points of the tower screw shells are arranged downwards, finished products fall into the collecting basket directly, crushed shells are separated, the whole process is simple and fast, the action process is clear, the processing efficiency is greatly improved without causing jamming, and the power consumption is low.

The invention discloses an automatic encasement system for Lilezuan milk bag gift boxes. The automatic encasement system comprises a milk bag integration conveying line (1), a milk bag robot (2) and a milk bag unit conveying line (4), wherein a milk bag clamp (3) at the lower end of a manipulator of the milk bag robot (2) catches a milk bag unit on the milk bag integration conveying line (1) and pushes the milk bag unit into a corresponding milk bag unit separation slot (41) under the condition that the milk bag unit is in a horizontal state; then a small baffle plate insertion machine (5) inserts a small baffle plate into a middle clearance of the milk bag unit, and a horizontal pushing mechanism (6) is used for horizontally pushing the milk bag unit with the inserted small baffle plate into a packaging case already provided with a large lining plate on a packaging case conveying line (9); finally the packaging case already provided with the large lining plate, the small baffle plate and the milk bag unit is covered and encased to finish the whole automatic encasement process. According to the automatic encasement system for the Lilezuan milk bag gift boxes, the milk bag encasement operation is creatively changed from vertical encasement into horizontal encasement, so that the production operation is more stable, the maintenance is easy and convenient, and the workload can be reduced to the maximum extent.

The invention discloses a compilation and creation psycho-cardiology rehabilitation breathing method in the technical field of cardiac exercise rehabilitation, and the method focuses on practicing hearts and lungs and combines modern somatosensory concepts and principles. Meanwhile, the combination of body adjustment, rest adjustment and heart adjustment is embodied. The compilation and creation psycho-cardiology rehabilitation breathing method gives consideration to blood circulation promoting, pulse unblocking, nerve calming and mind stabilizing at the same time, and the theory of mutual regulation of psycho-cardiology is embodied. The physical and mental rehabilitation effect of a patient can be further improved, the life quality can be further improved, the safety is good, meanwhile, benign psychological guidance is achieved, the exercise effects of thought miscellaneous thought elimination and skill improvement are facilitated, and the force is action force actively applied to target effort practice. The root chakra enables people to pursue enthusiasm of survival in the material world, seek the will of survival in adversity and ensure the basic ability of progeny reproduction,brings sense of safety and stable feeling, and enables people to experience rich material life and meet happy feeling in mind.

The invention provides an automobile seat armrest with a freely-adjusted angle. The armrest comprises a side plate, a cover plate and an angle adjustment assembly; the side plate and the cover plate are combined into a closed structure, an inner cavity is formed in one or more ends in the closed structure after the side plate and the cover plate are closed, and the angle adjustment assembly is fixedly installed in the inner cavity, provided with a fixing shaft and installed at one side of a seat backrest through the fixing shaft. According to the automobile seat armrest, parts are mainly formed through processing modes such as stamping, cold heading and injection molding, the processing efficiency is high, and the labor intensity and cost are low; multiple central symmetry and axial symmetry structures are adopted for the armrest, the armrest is simple and ingenious in structure, high in bearing capacity, clear in action and stable and reliable in structure, and mistaken operation cannot occur; multi-angle gear adjustment is provided, and the comfort of a seat is improved.

The invention discloses a surgical stitching instrument with an automatic restoration safety device. The surgical stitching instrument comprises a housing, a percussion handle rotating relative to the housing, a base arranged in the housing and provided with an inner cavity, a safety block in axial and rotary connection with the housing through a first rotary shaft, and a limiting component located in the inner cavity of the base. The safety block is provided with a first end, a second end and a restoration end. A protrusion is arranged on the percussion handle, and the first end makes contact with the limiting component. When the safety block makes axial rotation in the housing and the first end is clamped to a first limiting position formed between the limiting component and the base, the protrusion abuts against the second end; when the first end is clamped to a second limiting position formed between the limiting component and the base, the protrusion disengages from the second end and abuts against the restoration end. The surgical stitching instrument can restore automatically after percussion. Besides, the surgical stitching instrument is small in structure and high in safety performance, and has a clear voice prompt function.

The invention discloses an automatic scoring device for martial art free combat athlete competition, and relates to the technical field of automatic scoring. The automatic scoring device comprises a scoring device, a mounting seat and a detector. The scoring device internally comprises a control center, an action analysis module and an action database. The left end of the scoring device is fixedly connected with a display. The interior of the scoring device is fixedly connected with a main board, and the main board is electrically connected with the display. The time consumed for scoring and score publishing is short, the scoring behaviors and the violation behaviors of players are played back through slow actions, the audience can fully know the scoring points of the players, the viewing experience of the audience is improved, a judge can judge whether scoring of the device is reasonable or not according to slow action playback and does not need to enter a field to observe the players at a close distance, the safety of the judge is ensured, and compared with manual scoring, the detection device is more sensitive in response, the actions can be seen more clearly, and the fairness of a competition is improved.

The invention discloses a positive and negative identification mechanism of a relay outer cover and an identification method thereof. An outer cover positioning jig comprises a positioning cylinder for detecting downward pressure. A positive and negative detection jig comprises an air cylinder, left and right springs fixed on a base plate and left and right sliding blocks slidably arranged on thebase plate, wherein the left and right sliding blocks are correspondingly and fixedly connected with left and right detection top position bars and left and right detection bars, and the left and right detection bars are fixedly connected with the left and right springs in a corresponding mode; and the positive and negative detection jig further comprises left and right detection sensors correspondingly sensing the left and right detection bars. When the positioning cylinder for detecting the downward pressure presses an outer cover downwards, the air cylinder rises to enable the left and right detection top position bars separately to abut against the inner surface of the bottom face of the outer cover or the surfaces of steps. The different heights of the left and right detection bars are detected by photoelectric sensing according to the left and right detection sensors, 0 or 1 binary coding is carried out on the result, the directional consistency of the outer cover entering follow-up engineering is ensured, products with negative covers are effectively avoided to flow into the follow-up engineering, the engineering quality is guaranteed, and the badness of engineering is reduced.

The invention relates to a safety device and a medical instrument. The safety device comprises a bracket, a stop rod and a stirring piece, wherein a first guide part is arranged on the bracket; the first guide part comprises a first position and a second position; the stop rod is pivotally connected with the bracket; a second guide part is arranged on the stop rod; the stop rod is provided with an opening position and a closing position; the bracket is movably connected with the stop rod by the stirring piece through the first guide part and the second guide part; the stop rod is driven to switch between the opening position and the closing position relative to the bracket through the switching of the stirring piece between the first position and the second position. Due to the adoption of the structure, the action direction of the safety device is clear during an operating process; the structure is simple; the overall structure is small and modularized; the safety device can be applied to various types of medical instruments.

The invention discloses a core pulling device of a flange mold. An ejection mechanism is a secondary ejection mechanism, according to a first-stage ejection mechanism, a shape demolding mechanism used for the outer surface of an inclined hose joint (1-2) on a flange and a core pulling mechanism used for an inner core of the inclined hose joint (1-2) are included, the secondary ejecting mechanism is used for whole ejecting of a flange finished product, and the first-stage ejecting mechanism and the second-stage ejecting mechanism are connected through a stroke control assembly; the stroke control assembly comprises a guide connecting plate (2) and a stroke drive plate (3), the lower end of the guide connecting plate (2) is fixedly connected to the side wall of a lower die fixed plate (5) in a lower die assembly, the lower end of the stroke drive plate (3) is fixedly connected with an ejector pin plate (6) in the ejecting mechanism, and the upper end of the stroke drive plate (3) is fixedly connected or in sliding connection with a lower die movable plate (4) in a lower die assembly. By the adoption of the above structure, the action is stable and reliable, it can be ensured that the inclined hose joint can be subject to demolding smoothly, other demolding operations are not affected, and therefore the flange product quality is ensured.

The invention discloses a core pulling device of a flange mold. An ejection mechanism is a secondary ejection mechanism, according to a first-stage ejection mechanism, a shape demolding mechanism used for the outer surface of an inclined hose joint (1-2) on a flange and a core pulling mechanism used for an inner core of the inclined hose joint (1-2) are included, the secondary ejecting mechanism is used for whole ejecting of a flange finished product, and the first-stage ejecting mechanism and the second-stage ejecting mechanism are connected through a stroke control assembly; the stroke control assembly comprises a guide connecting plate (2) and a stroke drive plate (3), the lower end of the guide connecting plate (2) is fixedly connected to the side wall of a lower die fixed plate (5) in a lower die assembly, the lower end of the stroke drive plate (3) is fixedly connected with an ejector pin plate (6) in the ejecting mechanism, and the upper end of the stroke drive plate (3) is fixedly connected or in sliding connection with a lower die movable plate (4) in a lower die assembly. By the adoption of the above structure, the action is stable and reliable, it can be ensured that the inclined hose joint can be subject to demolding smoothly, other demolding operations are not affected, and therefore the flange product quality is ensured.

The invention discloses a two-way cartridge valve type rapid press hydraulic circuit which comprises an energy accumulator oil way and an oil cylinder upper cavity inlet and return oil way, and the energy accumulator oil way comprises an energy accumulator oil inlet two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, a pressure maintaining unit valve, a safety overflow valve, an energy accumulator and an oil cylinder lower cavity which sequentially communicate with an oil inlet oil way in series; the oil cylinder upper cavity oil inlet and return oil way comprises a system pressure control two-way cartridge valve and an oil cylinder upper cavity oil inlet two-way cartridge valve which communicate with the oil inlet oil way in series, the oil cylinder upper cavity oil inlet two-way cartridge valve respectively communicates with the oil cylinder upper cavity and the oil cylinder upper cavity pressure control two-way cartridge valve, and the system pressure control two-way cartridge valve and the oil cylinder upper cavity pressure control two-way cartridge valve respectively communicate with an oil return way. The circuit is simple in structure, clear in action, clear in principle, high in reliability, wide in application range and obvious in effect.

The invention relates to a reliably movable lifting stopping device. The reliably movable lifting stopping device comprises a lower track and a driving device which are fixed on a base, a movable frame which is arranged on the lower track and can move between a distance set on the lower track, a steering pillar which is erected on the movable frame and steered by a steering mechanism controller, a lifting support arranged on the steering pillar, and a parking platform obliquely arranged on the lifting support. The reliably movable lifting stopping device is characterized in that the movable frame is connected with the driving device through a traction component, and the driving device is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the lower track to drive the movable frame to move on the lower track. The reliably movable lifting stopping device consists of different components for traction and positioning, and the improved technical scheme has the beneficial effects of being beneficial to the traction of the movable frame, avoiding slippage in the process that the movable frame moves to a vehicle entering or exiting position and then returns to a parking position, with definite action and timely and accurate positioning, and being beneficial to the improvement of the using safety. Meanwhile, power components are relatively few so as to be beneficial to the reduction of power loss and the improvement of transmission efficiency.