169 results about "Overhead information" patented technology

Write and read processes for a disk drive handle data and overhead fields in a data frame that extends between two servo sectors on a disk. A write process fills a buffer with both data values and overhead values sufficient to fill a data frame and then writes the entire data frame based on the values in the buffer. Accordingly, activation of a separate formatting circuit is not required as those fields are written, and the write operation does not require sector pulses to control the timing for writing individual data sectors in the data frame. The overhead fields written include VFO fields and data synchronization fields. The read process uses timing signals derived from detection of servo sectors and data synchronization fields but otherwise sequentially reads data and overhead fields and transfers those fields to a buffer. The data in a requested sector can be separated from overhead information and data of other sectors in the buffer, when the disk drive outputs the requested data.

The invention relates to a method for triggering re-negotiation of a session when an Access Terminal moves from one access network (source AN) to another access network (target AN) having different capabilities in high rate packet data system. According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the source AN is allowed to store all the protocol subtypes, protocols and applications that AT is capable of and also allowing the AT to send this information in priority order during session negotiation and hence facilitating the transfer of this information from source AN to target AN during session transfer when AT moves from one AN to another AN. An alternate embodiment is to let the AT send the protocol subtypes, protocols and applications and other AT capable information to target AN after it moves to a new AN or by letting the Rev-A capable AN query the AT's capability information and then the AT providing this information. In another exemplary embodiment, the invention includes re-negotiation by introducing a revision (like Protocol revision) information in overhead information messages that an AN broadcasts to all ATs.

The embodiments of the present invention disclose method and apparatus for mapping and de-mapping in an optical transport network, where the mapping method includes: constructing an Optical Channel Data Tributary Unit (ODTU) according to an amount M of time slots of a High Order Optical Channel Payload Unit (HO OPU) to be occupied by a Low Order Optical Channel Data Unit (LO ODU); mapping the LO ODU to a payload area of the ODTU in a M-byte granularity; encapsulating overhead information to the payload area of the ODTU; and multiplexing the ODTU, which has been mapped the LO ODU and encapsulated with the overhead information, to the HO OPU, so as to provide a high-efficient and universal mode for mapping the LO ODU to the HO OPU.

A predictive video coder performs gradient prediction based on previous blocks of image data. For a new block of image data, the prediction determines a horizontal gradient and a vertical gradient from a block diagonally above the new block (vertically above a previous horizontally adjacent block). Based on these gradients, the encoder predicts image information based on image information of either the horizontally adjacent block or a block vertically adjacent to the new block. The encoder determines a residual that is transmitted in an output bitstream. The decoder performs the identical gradient prediction and predicts image information without need for overhead information. The decoder computes the actual information based on the predicted information and the residual from the bitstream.

The invention discloses a deliver process of overhead information in operation cases, which comprises coding the user information into 64B / 66B user information coding modules, coding the overhead information which is allocated into 64B / 66B coding modules which are marked with an overhead coding module, delivering the user information module and the overhead coding module, wherein the overhead coding module is M in each coding modules with N number which are delivered, M and N are positive integers and M is smaller than N. The operation case of the invention further discloses a receiving process of the overhead information, which comprises receiving the 64B / 66B coding module, recognizing the overhead coding module according to the mark of the marked overhead coding module from which overhead information is extracted, decoding the user information coding module except the overhead coding module to obtain the user information. Through utilizing the processes, the fixed bandwidth of the overhead information is guaranteed and the OAM information transmission property is increased. The operation case of the invention further discloses an overhead information transmission system and the device.

Multimedia application data formats often use data packets and may contain packetized hierarchical layers with a base layer (BL) and one or more enhancement layers (EL). Packets that comprise variable length coded data typically provide padding bits, which can be used for adding checksum information. The checksum information refers to both, the decoded base layer and decoded enhancement layer packet data, and is used for detecting synchronization loss between the layers. Though the packets provide different individual amounts of padding bits, this variable amount of bits per packet is sufficient for adding check-sum information for synchronization related purposes. This allows e.g. out-of-sync detection even if the enhancement layer encoding provides no overhead information for synchronization, in particular no packet headers and no packet synchronization words.

In wireless communication with another communication apparatus in a predetermined wireless network, overhead information defined in a media access control layer is divided into a header of information necessary for the common access control and a header of information necessary for each payload. Address information is added to the header of information necessary for the common access control in order to transmit the generated header attached to the transmission data. In the case of forming a physical burst in which a plurality of data payloads are combined into one, a frame structure is provided without needless repetition of address information.

A method, base station, and wireless communications system for interlacing Access and Backhaul frames in a Time Division Duplex wireless communication system. The method includes monitoring Access traffic and Backhaul traffic (604). Access traffic characteristics, Backhaul traffic characteristics, and corresponding frame control overhead information are determined in response to the monitoring (606). The method also includes determining an amount of time required to deliver a substantially equal amount of bearer Access traffic and Backhaul traffic (608). A frame interlacing ration is determined (608) in response to determining the amount of time required to deliver a substantially equal amount of bearer Access traffic and Backhaul traffic. A set of Access frames (302) and a set of Backhaul frames (304) are interlaced on a frequency band using the determined frame interlacing ratio.

A method for automatically implementing Tandem Concatenation Monitoring (TCM), includes: requesting a network management system for a required number of TCM levels; assigning an available TCM level to a pair of network nodes in a sub-network; performing TCM processing, mapping TCM use information into a corresponding overhead, transferring the TCM use information together with TCM overhead information downstream, and reporting TCM information to the network management system; and extracting TCM monitored information, determining transmission quality of each sub-network of a set of sub-networks, and locating a network failure. The invention also presents a device for automatically implementing TCM, including a controller, a TCM generator and a TCM terminator which cooperate with each other to automatically implementing a TCM function. The invention addresses the poor flexibility and complexity due to a static configuration by the network management system, and thus improves the flexibility of the TCM processing.

A method of compressing image signals, to provide more efficient compression than a discrete cosine transform (DCT) while having the least amount of overhead information is provided. A partial exchange between a row and a column of a transform matrix is performed by applying several values to a parameter, which shows an extent of partial exchange between rows and columns of the transform matrix. When a value of the used angle parameter is stored or transmitted, an overhead increases. Processes generating a random sequence of the angle parameter, generating a compression coefficient matrix regarding each angle parameter of the generated random sequence, and calculating a compression rate are repeated to obtain an angle parameter with the highest compression rate. The angle parameter having the highest compression rate is not stored or transmitted, but a number in the random sequence of the corresponding angle parameter is obtained, and stored or transmitted.

The invention provides a method for confirming scheduling resource release, comprising the following steps: user equipment (UE) receives a command of releasing persistent scheduling resources from a base station and physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) data; the UE calculates the resource number of PUCCH which sends the confirmation information according to the received command of releasing persistent scheduling resources and the PDSCH data; and the UE sends the confirmation information on the selected PUCCH resource. The invention also provides equipment for confirming persistent scheduling resource release. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the UE can carry out confirmation feedback on the resource release command through the uplink channel. The technical scheme provided by the invention realizes feedback by sending the confirmation information in different uplink subframes, avoids extra system overhead information, realizes simpleness and high efficiency and is beneficial to improving the compatibility of the system.

A PON extender includes an optical amplifier that is adapted to compensate optical power for PON signals in a downlink channel. An optical control switch is connected with an ONU and is adapted to extract overhead information of the PON signals in the downlink channel and to select one channel of ONU uplink signals as output uplink channel PON signals according to the extracted overhead information. A regenerating device is adapted to regenerate optical signals for the uplink channel PON signals output under control of the optical control switch.

Provided is a method and system for determining sleep periods within a communications device configured to communicate via a network The method includes analyzing at least one of two or more data fields related to a data unit and determining device sleep periods based upon the analysis. The analysis includes determining whether or not particular MediaFLO Logical Channel data (MLC) is present within an overhead information symbols channel. If MLC data is not present, the device sleeps for a predetermined amount of time.

The present invention comprises methods and apparatuses for maintaining radio network timing synchronization across an asynchronous communication link (26) between a Radio Equipment Controller (REC) (12) and an item of Radio Equipment (RE) (14). An REC- side adaptor (30) sends first and second asynchronous packet flows over the asynchronous communication link (26), including a downlink packet flow comprising CPRI basic frames (34) and overhead information encapsulated in asynchronous communication link packets, and a synchronization packet flow comprising CPRI clock data. A RE-side adaptor (32) recovers the CPRI clock from the synchronization packet flow, and uses the recovered clock to re- synchronize the downlink data (14) recovered from the downlink packet flow. For the uplink, the RE (16) outputs uplink traffic in a synchronous, CPRI-compliant stream that is then encapsulated for asynchronous transport by the RE-side adaptor (32). The REC-side adaptor (30) reconstitutes the asynchronously received uplink data as a synchronous, CPRI-compliant stream for input to the REC (12).

The invention provides a service carrying method, equipment and a system. The method comprises the steps that sender equipment acquires a flexible Ethernet (FlexE) client signal; the FlexE client signal is converted into a FlexE service frame, wherein the FlexE service frame comprises at least one first overhead code block and at least one data code block, the at least one first overhead code block is used for carrying overhead information of the FlexE client signal, and the at least one data code block is used for carrying payload information of the FlexE client signal; the FlexE service frame is mapped to one or multiple time slots of a physical channel to generate a FlexE overhead frame, wherein the FlexE overhead frame comprises a second overhead code block, and the second overhead code block is used for carrying overhead information of the FlexE overhead frame; and the FlexE overhead frame is sent out through the physical channel. According to the method, the FlexE client signal is converted into the FlexE service frame, the overhead information of the FlexE client signal is carried by the FlexE service frame, and then end-to-end network management and monitoring on the FlexEclient signal can be achieved.

A switching node for an optical communication system has an electrical switch, coupled to switch electrical signals from an input converter to a selected one of the outputs, and has a framer for reading or writing optical transport overhead information from or to the electrical signals. A bypass path is provided so that at least some of the signals being switched can bypass the framer. This can enable each node to be more efficient or handle more signals, since the framer no longer has to process all the signals. A reduction in power consumption can result. A method of configuring the switching node can involve a management system receiving information about the network, determining a new wavelength routing configuration and sending control signals to the node to configure the switches and control which signals use the bypass path.

The input image controller reduces the frame rate of a motion image signal as a preprocessing, provides process information indicating the skipped frames and / or skipped fields to the image coder, wherein the image coder codes, by use of the MPEG 2 method, the motion image signal whose frame rate has been reduced, and outputs the data which is in conformity with the MPEG 2 method and includes overhead information on the basis of the process information.

TO BROADCAST DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRANSMISSION HAVING DIFFERENT TIERS OF COVERAGE IN A WIRELESS BROADCAST NETWORK, EACH BASE STATION PROCESSES DATA FOR A WIDE-AREA TRANSMISSION IN ACCORDANCE WITH A FIRST MODE (OR CODING AND MODULATION SCHEME) TO GENERATE DATA SYMBOLS FOR THE WIDE-AREA TRANSMISSION AND PROCESSES DATA FOR A LOCALTRANSMISSION IN ACCORDANCE WITH A SECOND MODE TO GENERATE DATA SYMBOLS FOR THE LOCAL TRANSMISSION. THE FIRST AND SECOND MODES ARE SELECTED BASED ON THE DESIRED COVERAGE FOR WIDE-AREA AND LOCAL TRANSMISSIONS, RESPECTIVELY. THE BASE STATION ALSO GENERATES PILOTS AND OVERHEAD INFORMATION FOR LOCAL AND WIDE-AREA TRANSMISSIONS. THE DATA, PILOTS AND OVERHEAD INFORMATION FOR LOCAL AND WIDE-AREA TRANSMISSIONS ARE MULTIPLEXED ONTO THEIR TRANSMISSION SPANS, WHICH MAY BE DIFFERENT SETS OF FREQUENCY SUBBANDS, DIFFERENT TIME SEGMENTS, OR DIFFERENT GROUPS OF SUBBANDS IN DIFFERENT TIME SEGMENTS. MORE THAN TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MAY ALSO BE MULTIPLEXED AND BROADCAST.

A predictive video coder performs gradient prediction based on previous blocks of image data. For a new block of image data, the prediction determines a horizontal gradient and a vertical gradient from a block diagonally above the new block (vertically above a previous horizontally adjacent block). Based on these gradients, the encoder predicts image information based on image information of either the horizontally adjacent block or a block vertically adjacent to the new block. The encoder determines a residual that is transmitted in an output bitstream. The decoder performs the identical gradient prediction and predicts image information without need for overhead information. The decoder computes the actual information based on the predicted information and the residual from the bitstream.

An embodiment of the invention provides a method and an apparatus for distributing optical spectrum bandwidth resources, relating to the field of communication. According to the invention, the transport bandwidth and optical spectrum bandwidth resources suitable for the bandwidth of client service data are distributed on the basis of the bandwidth of the client service data, thereby achieving the flexible distribution and effective utilization of the optical spectrum resources. The method comprises: obtaining the bandwidth of an OTUbase on the basis of optical layer frequency space bandwidth and carrier spectrum efficiency; constructing an HO OTUflex on the basis of the bandwidth of the client service data and the bandwidth of the OTUbase; the bandwidth of the HO OTUflex being a first integral multiple of the bandwidth of the OTUbase; mapping the client service data to a payload area and packaging overhead information; and modulating the HO OTUflex carrying the client service data to optical channel carriers of a second integer. The embodiment of the invention is suitable of transport scenarios of the client service data.

Disclosed is an overhead information transmission method. The method comprises: sending, by a base station, downlink control information (DCI) to a terminal through a downlink control channel, X bits in the DCI being used for indicating M sets of downlink reference information about other terminals except the terminal, where X is a positive integer, and M is a positive integer which is less than a numerical value expressed by a downlink data processing capability parameter of the terminal. Also disclosed at the same time are a base station, a terminal and a system corresponding to the method.

A method of storing memory device data overhead information in data cells in a row of cells, the row being one of a plurality of rows comprising a unit of data, is disclosed. The method includes storing user data attribute information in an overhead portion of a data sector in the row adjacent to a portion of the data sector storing user data. Data attributes for user data in data sectors in other rows is stored in the overhead portion of the data sector, said row having greater user data integrity than others of said rows.

This invention relates to emergency broadcasting process method, which comprises the following steps: the system send end set emergency indication at each multiplex frame bolt information and setting as initial value when there is not emergency broadcast; if there is, send end sets the emergency indication as other value and to send content; terminal judges whether the indication value is same with initial value to respond the indication and to store it into buffer area; terminal switches emergency broadcast or original channel to receive to judge the indication is different to initial value while same with buffer value.

The invention relates to a system and method for realizing electrical layer linear protection in POTN, relating to the POTN field. A business mapping unit of a source end converts ODUk channel data into a group of cells through cell segmentation, a multicast ID is distributed, the cells are subjected to concurrence or selection at work and protection light channel units through a cell switching unit, and after the cells are received by the work and protection light channel units, the cells are selectively activated and are sent to the corresponding cell reception ports; after the work and protection light channel units of a destination end receive signals, the de-mapping and de-multiplexing of ODUk is completed, the cells are sent out via the corresponding channels, a system cross is established to point to the business mapping unit; and the signal failure, signal deterioration, and APS overhead information are detected, an APS control unit notifies the current needed light channel units to activate the cross and non-needed light channel units to block the cross. The ODUk electrical layer linear protection is realized under the unified cell exchange configuration of POTN, and the high effectiveness and the reliability are guaranteed.

Multimedia application data formats often use data packets and may contain packetized hierarchical layers with a base layer (BL) and one or more enhancement layers (EL). Packets that comprise variable length coded data typically provide padding bits, which can be used for adding checksum information. The checksum information refers to both, the decoded base layer and decoded enhancement layer packet data, and is used for detecting synchronization loss between the layers. Though the packets provide different individual amounts of padding bits, this variable amount of bits per packet is sufficient for adding check-sum information for synchronization related purposes. This allows e.g. out-of-sync detection even if the enhancement layer encoding provides no overhead information for synchronization, in particular no packet headers and no packet synchronization words.

The invention discloses a method and system for accelerating multi-spanning tree protocol (MSTP) network topology convergence. The method includes that the MSTP equipment receives BPDU message, and if the message is detected out of inside domain and the domain root is the MSTP, but the common root in the message is inconsistent with the common root of MSTP, or the external path overhead information is not inconsistent with the MSTP external path overhead information or the domain root information is inconsistent with the domain root information, then discards the BPDU message. The invention prevents the invalid old root information from being cyclically forwarded in the field and accelerates the convergence of MSTP network topology in multi-domain environment.

A predictive video coder performs gradient prediction based on previous blocks of image data. For a new block of image data, the prediction determines a horizontal gradient and a vertical gradient from a block diagonally above the new block (vertically above a previous horizontally adjacent block). Based on these gradients, the encoder predicts image information based on image information of either the horizontally adjacent block or a block vertically adjacent to the new block. The encoder determines a residual that is transmitted in an output bitstream. The decoder performs the identical gradient prediction and predicts image information without need for overhead information. The decoder computes the actual information based on the predicted information and the residual from the bitstream.

Metadata driven business data migration is provided. An extensible business data destination system is provided having metadata that describes its structure. An intermediate database is structurally synchronized to the extensible destination system prior to receiving source data. Once the structural synchronization between the destination system and the intermediate database has been completed, the intermediate database is populated with source data. Customizable migration overhead information is stored and used to allow highly configurable specification of data migration. Once migration information has been specified, and any required manipulations have been completed with respect to the source data in the intermediate database, a migration tool generates business data in the destination system to complete the migration.