The invention relates to identification, monitoring and early warning of scattered plaque spartina alterniflora in four seasons of the year, in particular to a spartina alterniflora identification and early warning method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, building an acquisition platform, and acquiring a spartina alterniflora image; 2, splicing and segmenting the image; 3, making a
training set, a
verification set and a
test set; and 4, selecting a mainstream
convolutional neural network, and training, verifying and testing the model. 5, judging the recognition accuracy, and selecting the
convolutional neural network meeting the conditions; 6, data of the four periods are trained respectively, and
spatial distribution of the spartina alterniflora is carried out; 7, constructing a
hazard grade evaluation model; 8, obtaining the
diffusion distance of the spartina alterniflora; 9, acquiring
biomass crop parameters of the spartina alterniflora; and 10, generating a spartina alterniflora early warning visual
heat map. According to the method, accurate identification of the spartina alterniflora under the
local scale is realized, the early warning visual
heat map is generated, and
data information is provided for early monitoring and prevention of the spartina alterniflora.