A method for screening pollination pear varieties suitable for Dangshan pears comprises the specific steps that 1, DNA of leaves of the pollination pear varieties is extracted; 2, a SCoT-PCR is carried out, a genetic similarity coefficient is calculated, and a genetic relationship dendrogram between the pollination pear varieties is constructed; 3, according to a clustering analysis result, the pollination pear varieties with the far, intermediate and near genetic relationships are selected to pollinate the Dangshan pears; 4, the number and area of sclereid groups of pulp tissue of mature fruits borne by each pollination pear variety are microscopically observed and calculated, and the content of sclereid is measured; 5, the pollination pear varieties with the optimal generic relationship are screened out through the analysis result of the step 4. According to the method, the genetic relationships between different pear variety resources can be revealed fast and accurately from the molecular level, the influence of the different genetic relation pollination pear varieties on the size and content of the sclereid of Dangshan pear fruits is analyzed, then the excellent pollination varieties with the proper genetic relationship are screened out, the sclereid content of the Dangshan pear fruits is improved, and the quality of the Dangshan pear fruits is improved.