The invention relates to a low-permeability rock gas-liquid dual-driven pressure pulse attenuation penetration test device and method. The device comprises a gas-liquid dual-driven fluid loading assembly, a confining pressure pump, a pressure chamber, a differential pressure sensor, a pressure sensor, a plurality of stop valves, a pressure regulating valve, a vacuum pump, an auxiliary heater and a constant-temperature water bath. The gas-liquid dual-driven fluid loading assembly can meet both a liquid output requirement and a gas output requirement and can be used for actively generating a relatively large pressure difference between the upstream and the downstream of low-permeability rocks, and meanwhile, the permeability and permeability coefficients of the low-permeability rocks can be rapidly measured based on a design thought of a pressure pulse attenuation method; the volume of a pipeline of the test device established by the invention is relatively small and is smaller than 300ml through actual measurement, so that the influences caused by fluctuation of an environment temperature to the volume of the pipeline are effectively reduced; and meanwhile, by combining with a thermostatic water bath and an auxiliary heater, the environment temperature can be accurately controlled, the influences caused by fluctuation of the environment temperature to the volume of the pipeline are further reduced, and finally, the measurement precision is improved.