The invention discloses a drum brake of an electric bicycle. The brake comprises an outer shell, a left friction piece, a right friction piece, a rocker arm shaft and a rocker arm, wherein the left friction piece and the right friction piece are movably arranged on the outer shell, a rear fixing base is arranged at the rear end of the outer shell, the rocker arm is connected with the outer shell through a torsion spring, a left sliding groove is formed in the left of the rocker arm shaft, and the front end of the left friction piece is located in the left sliding groove of the rocker arm shaft. The brake further comprises a rear sliding shaft and a front sliding shaft, a front fixing base is arranged at the front end of the shell body, a left sliding groove and a right sliding groove are formed in the left end of the rear sliding shaft and the right end of the rear sliding shaft respectively, the rear sliding shaft is located in a rear sliding shaft hole formed in the rear fixing base, the rear end of the left friction piece and the rear end of the right friction piece are located in a left sliding groove and a right sliding groove of the front sliding shaft, the front sliding shaft is located in a front sliding shaft hole formed in the front fixing base, the right sliding groove is formed in the right end of the front sliding shaft, the left end of the front sliding shaft abuts against the rocker arm shaft, the front end of the right friction piece is located in the right sliding groove of the front sliding shaft, the bottom face of the left sliding groove of the rear sliding shaft and the bottom face of the right sliding groove of the rear sliding shaft are both arc-shaped faces, and the bottom face of the right sliding groove of the front sliding shaft is an arc-shaped face.