The invention provides a polarity searching method of a fixed-polarity Reed-Muller logic circuit. The best polarity of an FPRM logic circuit is searched by using the new binary differential evolution algorithm, compared with a polarity searching method of the FPRM logic circuit based on the genetic algorithm, the capacity of local optimum and the capacity of premature convergence are avoided, and the convergence rate and the polarity searching efficiency are improved. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, a Boolean logic circuit is read; secondly, an evolution parameter is input; thirdly, an initial population is generated randomly, wherein the polarity is encoded into a binary individual; fourthly, the improved binary stochastic mutation operation is performed; fifthly, the binomial crossover operation is performed; an FPRM expression of the target individual and the FPRM expression of a test individual of the target individual are obtained; seventhly, the fitness value of the target individual and the fitness value of the test individual of the target individual are calculated; eighthly, the greedy selection operation and an elitism selection strategy are performed; ninthly, if the current evolution algebra is smaller than the maximum evolution algebra, the fourth to eighth steps are executed in sequence, and otherwise, the best polarity is output.