The invention discloses a rapid sand screening device for municipal engineering construction. The rapid sand screening device for municipal engineering construction comprises a screening box, screening plates are movably installed at the top end and the bottom end in the screening box, screening holes are evenly formed in the top faces of the screening plates, sliding grooves are formed in the positions, at one ends of the screening plates, of the inner wall of the screening box, and sand outlet holes are formed in the positions, corresponding to the screening plates, of one end in the screening box; spring grooves are formed in the bottom faces of the sand outlet holes, buffer springs are evenly welded to the bottom faces of the interiors of the spring grooves, motors are fixedly installed at one ends of the outer sides of the screening box, output shafts of the motors are fixedly sleeved with cams, and fixing blocks are installed at the positions, corresponding to the cams, of the bottom faces of the screening plates through screws. Compared with the prior art, the rapid sand screening device has the beneficial effects that the problem of too loud noise due to the fact that the screening plates make contact with the bottom faces of the sand outlet holes is effectively solved, noise in the sand screening process is reduced, the working environment of workers is improved, sand can be screened for multiple times, and the quality of screened sand is improved.