The invention discloses a line patrol deicing robot and an obstacle crossing method thereof. The line patrol deicing robot comprises a machine body, wherein two moving arms are respectively arranged on two sides of the machine body, a drive wheel and a deicing wheel are arranged at the upper end of each moving arm, the drive wheels and the deicing wheels are connected with a drive motor, the drive wheels are respectively installed above the deicing wheels through push rods, a cable to be patrolled is erected between each drive wheel and each deicing wheel, a first motor and a second motor are installed on a bottom plate of the machine body, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with a first shaft, a second shaft sleeves the periphery of the first shaft, the second shaft is connected with the lower ends of the moving arms, an electricity storage device is further installed on the bottom plate, and detectors are installed in the front and at the rear of the machine body. The line patrol deicing robot is simple in mechanism movement, compact in mechanical structure, low in weight, flexible in movement, and capable of automatically crossing an obstacle, can greatly improve deicing and line patrol efficiency through a wheel type and arm type combined mode, can adapt to the cables different in thickness by changing limiting bolts of the wheels, is strong in practicability, and can achieve climbing of the cables and rod-shaped objects.