The invention relates to the technical field of metering electric meters, and particularly relates to an electric energy meter based on an optical communication technology and a circuit control method thereof. The electric energy meter comprises a metering unit, a recording unit, a communication unit, a monitoring unit, a self-checking unit, a display unit and a timeshare unit. The metering unit is single-phase three-wire and meters the maximum demand, and is high in current and wide in metering range. The recording unit is used for recording electric energy, the maximum demand and demand generation time, recording a load curve and recording events of programming, time synchronization, demand zero clearing and time zone switching, etc. The communication unit is used for performing carrier communication on an automatic networking power line and providing optical port communication meeting an ANSI protocol. The monitoring unit is used for detecting power grid voltage, current, active power, apparent power and frequency. The self-checking unit is used for checking timeshare set errors and metering errors. The display unit is used for performing liquid crystal display normally at low temperature of -40 DEG C. The timeshare unit is used for meeting multi-rate timesharing of an ANSI standard. The invention provides the single-phase static electric energy meter which is more comprehensive in function and further adaptive to use demands of multilevel clients.