The invention relates to the technical field of the ecological monitoring, and especially an automatic monitoring system of a wild animal based on deep learning technology. A controller module is arranged in a data collecting end, the controller module is electrically connected with a sound collection module, an image collection module, a communication module, an accumulator module and an execution module, and the execution module is further electrically connected with the sound collection module and the image collection module; a processor is arranged in a data analysis end, and the processoris electrically connected with a video image analysis module, the sound analysis module, a storage module, a display module, an operation module, an interaction module and a data transceiver. The system for monitoring the wild animal has high accuracy, the monitoring method is convenient for deployment and simple in configuration, the wild animal monitoring process is greatly simplified, and themonitoring efficiency is improved.