The invention discloses a quantum bit virtual mapping method and system. The quantum bit virtual mapping method includes: 1, selecting a quantum chip; 2, defining a virtual quantum bit space through the total number of quantum bits in the quantum chip, wherein the total number of quantum bits in the virtual quantum bit space is equal to the total number of quantum bits of the quantum chip; 3, firstly querying whether there is an idle quantum bit in the virtual quantum bit space when a quantum bit variable is defined in the quantum software; 4, assigning an address of the idle quantum bit to the quantum bit variable if there is an idle quantum bit; and 5, selecting an optimal scheme by analyzing a relation between quantum bits in the quantum software and a topological structure of the quantum bits of the quantum chip after the quantum software is constructed, mapping the quantum bits in the virtual quantum bit space into quantum bit units of the quantum chip one-by-one, and completing defining of quantum bits. The present invention provides a definition manner of the quantum bit variable that avoids the copying operation of the quantum bit.