The invention provides a
flash memory data management method and device and a
microcontroller. The method comprises the following steps of: setting a guiding area for storing guiding data and an operation area for storing application data in a
flash memory, and setting a
backup guiding area and a
backup operation, which are respectively used for carrying out
backup storage on data in the guiding area and the operation area, in the
flash memory; respectively verifying the data in the guiding area and the operation area of the flash memory; and when the
verification of the data in a certain areafails, directly
copying the data in the corresponding backup area into the area to carry out
recovery. According to the method, data in MCU flash memories can be verified through a
verification mechanism, and when the
verification fails to cause exceptions, rapid modification is directly carried out through backup data in the flash memories, so that the
recovery process can be simplified, the
recovery efficiency can be enhanced, the self-adaptive ability of the flash memories can be enhanced, the reliability of the MCUs can be enhanced, and particularly, the reliability, in power supply applications, of the MCUs can be enhanced.