The invention provides a lithium-ion battery matching method and a lithium-ion battery matching system and relates to the technical field of lithium battery production technologies. The lithium-ion battery matching method comprises the steps of battery encoding, first battery grading, second battery grading, first normal temperature testing of batteries, second normal temperature testing of the batteries, internal resistance testing of the batteries and step matching of the batteries. The technical problems that a single-parameter matching method is single in basis and large in error, a multi-parameter matching method cannot present essential differences among the batteries and is poor in balance, and a method of combining the multi-parameter matching method with a charge-discharge curve matching method is complicated in operation process and low in production efficiency are solved. According to the lithium-ion battery matching method, the matched batteries are better in uniformity, the charge-discharge cycle performance is improved, furthermore, other parameters do not need to be tested in the scheme, the influence of the charged state is avoided during matching, and matching canbe carried out in the charged state of an arbitrary low-power battery pack.