The invention relates to a minimally invasive lumbar surgery retractor. The minimally invasive lumbar surgery retractor comprises a right-angle-shaped retractor body, the tail end of the right-angle-shaped retractor body is provided with a handle, the right-angle-shaped retractor body is connected with the handle in virtue of a connecting portion, a sliding groove is formed in the middle of the head portion of the right-angle-shaped retractor body, a sliding buckle is connected into the sliding groove in a sliding mode, two blades are rotationally connected to the two sides of the right-angle-shaped retractor body, the blades can rotate to be in a stretch state or retracts into the right-angle-shaped retractor body, and the sliding buckle is used for locking the blades and controlling the blades to stretch or retract. Compared with the prior art, by means of the minimally invasive lumbar surgery retractor, through the change of the positions of the sliding buckle, stretch and retract of the blades are achieved, in addition, the blades are fixed to a specific position, namely, the blades enter a minimally invasive incision in a retract state, the blades stretch while reaching a deep portion of the tissue, the retractor is set up above two adjacent transverse processes, so that an operating area of a mis-TLIF operation is exposed, the facts that a traditional retractor is shifted and the unnecessary overexposure of the soft tissue is caused can be avoided, and meanwhile the defect that the traditional retractor is prone to being unhooked is overcome.