30results about How to "Small driving voltage" patented technology

In an electrochromic module and a stereo image display device having the electrochromic module, the electrochromic module includes a first substrate, a second substrate, at least one electrochromic layer and at least one ion layer. The first substrate upper surface includes at least one first electrically conductive element disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The ion layer is formed on a surface of the electrochromic layer and prepared by mixing and dissolving at least one organic material and at least one inorganic material in a solvent. The ion layer not only serves as an ion provider, but also acts as an electrochromic material of an accessory color change layer for improving the difference of the optical transmittance. By the shifting and transmission of electrons between the organic and inorganic materials, the electrochromic module has the advantages of fast and uniform color change and smaller driving voltage.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound which has stability to heat, light and so forth, shows liquid crystal phases in a wide temperature range, and has a small viscosity, an appropriate optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The invention provides a liquid crystal composition which has an appropriate optical anisotropy, an appropriate dielectric anisotropy, a low threshold voltage, and a high maximum temperature and a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase. The invention provides a liquid crystal display device which has a short response time, a small power consumption, a small driving voltage, and a large contrast, and can be used in a wide temperature range.The liquid crystal compound is a halogeno-benzene derivative having a trifluoropropenyl group or trifluoropropynyl group at a side chain, such as, for example, trans-4′-[3,5-difluoro-4-(3,3,3-trifluoropropenyl)phenyl]-trans-4-propylbicyclohexyl. The liquid crystal composition contains a compound which is this derivative. The liquid crystal display device uses this liquid crystal composition.

In an electrochromic module and a display device integrated with the electrochromic module, the electrochromic module is installed on a surface of the display device and includes a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate. A transparent conductive element and an electrochromic layer are disposed between the two substrates, and the material of the electrochromic layer is prepared by dissolving an indicator into a solvent, and electrons are used to change the valence of ions inside the material, such that a coloration is resulted from reduction and oxidation caused by supplying and removing electrons to the ions respectively, and the electrochromic coloration rate is quicker and more uniform than present existing electrochromic materials. Unlike achromic mechanism that produces a decoloration by the oxidation and reduction of organic electrochromic materials, the electrochromic module and the display device have the advantages of a quick decoloration and a small driving voltage.

A lower movable electrode 35, having line sections 35a, 35a on both ends and a capacitor section 35b in the center, and an upper movable electrode 37, having line sections 37a, 37a on both ends and a capacitor section 37b in the center, are placed so that the capacitor sections 35b, 37b face each other, and drive electrodes of lower-movable-electrode actuators 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d driving the lower movable electrode 35 and upper-movable-electrode actuators 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d driving the upper movable electrode 37 are electrically separated from the lower movable electrode 35 and upper movable electrode 37. These actuators 27a to 27d and / or 29a to 29d move the lower movable electrode 35 and / or upper movable electrode 37 to adjust the distance between both capacitor sections 35b, 37b, and control the electrostatic capacity.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy and a suitable elastic constant K33 (K33: bend elastic constant), and further having a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and provides a liquid crystal composition including the compound,wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen, alkyl or the like, ring A1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or the like, L1 to L4 are hydrogen or fluorine, and at least three of them are fluorine; when the ring A1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or the like, Z1 is a single bond, —(CH2)2— or the like, when ring A1 is 1,4-phenylene, Z1 is —(CH2)2— or the like.

A lower movable electrode 35, having line sections 35a, 35a on both ends and a capacitor section 35b in the center, and an upper movable electrode 37, having line sections 37a, 37a on both ends and a capacitor section 37b in the center, are placed so that the capacitor sections 35b, 37b face each other, and drive electrodes of lower-movable-electrode actuators 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d driving the lower movable electrode 35 and upper-movable-electrode actuators 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d driving the upper movable electrode 37 are electrically separated from the lower movable electrode 35 and upper movable electrode 37. These actuators 27a to 27d and / or 29a to 29d move the lower movable electrode 35 and / or upper movable electrode 37 to adjust the distance between both capacitor sections 35b, 37b, and control the electrostatic capacity.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K33, and further having a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal composition having stability to heat, light and so forth, a low viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K33, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature (phase-transition temperature on a nematic phase-isotropic phase) of a nematic phase, and a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase. The liquid crystal compound which has a specific structure having fluorine at a lateral position and also having phenylene in which hydrogen on the benzene ring is replaced by fluorine, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound are prepared.

A liquid crystal compound is provided that has excellent characteristics, such as a negatively large dielectric anisotropy. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the composition are also provided. A compound having the three factors, i.e., (1) a tetrahydropyran ring, (2) —CH2O— or —OCH2— and (3)exhibits excellent characteristics including a negatively large dielectric anisotropy. The use of the compound having the characteristics provides an excellent liquid crystal composition and an excellent liquid crystal display device.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The invention provides a liquid crystal composition containing the compound described above and having stability to heat, light and so forth, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, and a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase.The invention also provides a liquid crystal display device having a short response time, a small power consumption, a low driving voltage, and a large contrast, and containing the composition described above which can be used in a large temperature range.For example, a liquid crystal compound having four or more rings in which the central ring has 2,3-difluorophenoxy such as trans-4′-[2,3-difluoro-4-(trans-4-propylcyclohexyl)phenoxymethyl]-trans-4-pentylbicyclohexyl is provided. Further provided is a liquid crystal composition containing the compound, and a liquid crystal display device using this liquid crystal composition.

A liquid crystal compound is provided that has excellent characteristics, such as a negatively large dielectric anisotropy. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the composition are also provided. A compound having the three factors, i.e., (1) a tetrahydropyran ring, (2) terminal alkenyl chain and (3)exhibits excellent characteristics including a negatively large dielectric anisotropy (Δε). The use of the compound having the characteristics provides an excellent liquid crystal composition and an excellent liquid crystal display device.

Such a liquid crystal compound is provided that has stability to heat, light and so forth, has a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, has a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and suitable elastic constants K33 and K11 (K33: bend elastic constant, K11: splay elastic constant), and has suitable negative dielectric anisotropy and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal composition are also provided.The liquid crystal compound is represented by one of formulas (a) to (d), the liquid crystal composition contains the liquid crystal compound, and the liquid crystal display device contains the liquid crystal composition:wherein Ra and Rb are independently linear alkyl or linear alkoxy, rings A1, A2, B and C are independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, Z11, Z12, Z2 and Z3 are independently a single bond or alkylene, and one of X1 and X2 is fluorine, and the other thereof is chlorine.

The present invention relates to a display device (1A) including a plurality of display elements (10A) formed on a substrate (2A). Each of the display elements (10A) includes an organic segment (4A) containing an organic compound which generates light upon application of an electric field, and a first and a second electrode elements (3A, 5A) for applying the electric field to the organic segment (4A). The first electrode segment (3A), the organic segment (4A) and the second electrode segment (4A) are formed on the substrate (2A). In this case, the second electrode segment (5A) is provided with an opening (52A) for allowing passage of light generated in the organic segment (4A). The first and second electrode segments may be formed adjacent to each other in a plane parallel to the substrate. In this case, the organic segment is formed so as to cover both the first and second electrode elements.

The present invention relates to a display sheet comprising a substrate for carrying layers of material, an imaging layer comprising a bistable polymer dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal imaging layer, a first patterned transparent conductor disposed on one side of the bistable polymer dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal imaging layer, a field blooming color filter layer, and a second patterned electrode on the side of the bistable polymer dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal imaging layer opposite the first patterned conductor and a method for making the same.

A liquid crystal display comprises: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode formed on one of the first substrate and the second substrate, and a second electrode formed on one of the first substrate and the second substrate. The second electrode forms an electric field to a liquid crystal layer along with the first electrode, and the liquid crystal layer comprises about 25-35 wt % of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, and about 9-11 wt % of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 8.wherein X is an alkyl with a carbon number of 2, and Y is an alkenyl.wherein X is an alkyl with a carbon number of 3-7.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy and a suitable elastic constant K33 (K33: bend elastic constant), and further having a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and provides a liquid crystal composition including the compound,wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen, alkyl or the like, ring A1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or the like, L1 to L4 are hydrogen or fluorine, and at least three of them are fluorine; when the ring A1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or the like, Z1 is a single bond, —(CH2)2— or the like, when ring A1 is 1,4-phenylene, Z1 is —(CH2)2— or the like.

A liquid crystal compound is provided that has excellent characteristics, such as a negatively large dielectric anisotropy. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing the composition are also provided. A compound having the three factors, i.e., (1) a tetrahydropyran ring, (2) terminal alkenyl chain and (3)exhibits excellent characteristics including a negatively large dielectric anisotropy (Δε). The use of the compound having the characteristics provides an excellent liquid crystal composition and an excellent liquid crystal display device.

The invention provides a liquid crystal compound which has stability to heat, light and so forth, a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K33, and further has a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. Moreover, the invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising this liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal display device containing this liquid crystal composition.A liquid crystal compound represented by formula (a):for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons; ring A1 and ring A2 are 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene; L1 and L2 are hydrogen or fluorine, and at least one of L1 and L2 is fluorine; and Z1 and Z2 are a single bond, —(CH2)2—, —CH═CH—, —CH2O— or —OCH2—.

Devices and method of fabrication a liquid crystal electro-optic device which is based on light scattering and diffraction from a multiple domain field-effect liquid crystal configuration are provided. The multiple domains include random liquid crystal alignment directions fabricated by photo-alignment and have sizes ranging from sub-micrometer to several micrometers. The random alignment in the plane can be of two or more directions whereas the pretilt angle can vary between zero and 90°. The randomness of the planar directions of the liquid crystal director can be generated by a designed photo mask in combination with uniaxial photo-alignment.

To provide a liquid crystal compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈), and having at least one of characteristics such as a high stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a suitable refractive index anisotropy (Δn) and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and an intermediate thereof. A solution is a compound represented by formula (1):wherein, for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; ring A1, ring A2 and ring A3 are 1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene; Z1, Z2 and Z3 are a single bond or —(CH2)2—; X is —CF2— or —CHF—; and l, m and n are 0 or 1.