The invention relates to an electric transmission device of an electric wheel mining truck, which belongs to the technical field of power transmission of mining trucks. The electric transmission device of the electric wheel mining truck comprises an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, a gear position handle, a controller, an engine, an alternating current generator, a rectifier, a frequency converter I, a frequency converter II, a radiating fan, a resistance grid I, a resistance grid II, an electric braking converter I, an electric braking converter II, a speed sensor, a mechanical brake, alternating current motors, a wheel-side speed reducer, a left wheel pair and a right wheel pair. The electric transmission device has the beneficial effects that the device follows the principle of giving priority to brake, the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair are driven by the independent alternating current motors, each alternating current motor is controlled by the independent frequency converter, and the controller can compare the driving powers of the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair to the alternating current motors, realize the balanced driving force of the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair and prevent the deviation of the mining truck; secondly, a mechanical system does not exist between the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair for directly connecting the left wheel pair with the right wheel pair, the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair are kept independent mutually, and the different rotational speeds of the left wheel pair and the right wheel pair are allowed during the turning process, thereby realizing flexible differential speed.