Basic technology of heavy metal industrial sewage treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a heavy metal industrial sewage treatment fundamental process which comprises a primary sewage treatment core process, an intermediate assistance process and a secondary sewage treatment core process. The whole technological process is controlled based on pH values of water bodies at all process points, and all parameters can be set according to the requirements for water inlet and outlet indexes. The heavy metal industrial sewage treatment fundamental process can fully guarantee the following representative characteristics and advantages of ion fractionation medicaments of an applicant to practical application: the amount of administration is small (10-300 grams per ton of water), the medicaments are directly administrated in a solid state without being diluted, sewage can be treated in real time without being stored temporarily (the reaction speed ranges from 3 minutes to 15 minutes), the removal rate of contents in the water bodies is as high as 80% or above, various national sewage treatment discharge indexes can be reached, treated water is free of color, extraneous odor and secondary harmful chemical substances, the water content of sludge produced due to flocculation is low (<35%), and the sludge is free of odor and stickiness.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment processes and methods, in particular to a basic process and method for industrial sewage treatment of various heavy metals. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the development of population and economy, environmental problems have become increasingly serious, and our government and people have attached great importance to them. Among them, the problem of water pollution has become a more important problem among many environmental problems. Water pollution causes soil pollution, which in turn causes air pollution and destroys the overall ecological environment. The main sources of water pollution are domestic sewage and industrial sewage, among which industrial sewage bears the brunt, and heavy metal industrial sewage is one of the key industrial wastewater, which is harmful to human body and environment. [0003] The so-called heavy metal is an industry in which metals and metal or...

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] 4) High chemical oxygen demand (COD): usually COD can be as high as 2,000-5,000mg / L;

[0009] At present, the heavy metal industrial sewage treatment mainly uses three technical methods, including physical method, chemical method and biological method; the physical method includes multi-effect evaporation, ionization, reverse osmosis membrane, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, etc., which require a large amount of electric energy. In particular, the operation and maintenance cost of membrane technology is quite expensive; and the chemical method is usually to add polymeric oxidants (iron oxide, Fenton, etc.) and chemical flocculants (such as polyacrylamide (PAM) or polyaluminum chloride (PAC) )), etc.; however, chemical flocculants have the disadvantages of large dosage, good water dilution and proportioning, long-term static precipitation, non-stirring, secondary chemical hazardous substances and high water content of sludge, which are unavoidable. There are relatively big problems in the actual process and operation; for example, the flocculation speed is slow, the water flow buffer and reaction supporting facilities occupy a large area, the waste of water resources and land is serious, and the secondary pollution to the water environment is formed. The bigger problem is The use of chemical flocculants will bring great troubles to the sludge treatment it produces. Not only does it require a lot of electric energy to drive the sludge filter press or centrifuge, but also the sludge smells very smelly, and the moisture content of the sludge after treatment remains the same. up to 60%

Biochemical methods are currently widely used, especially in domestic sewage treatment. Its advantages are stability, effectiveness, and low operating costs, but its limitation is that it cannot treat waste water with high concentrations of organic matter and high salt and other poor biodegradability. It is very difficult to domesticate and cultivate bacteria, and even some chemical wastewater can kill biochemically active bacteria; this is the reason why our country’s urban sewage treatment plants are still powerless against landfill leachate and industrial wastewater despite their large scale

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