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High-elasticity anti-radiation nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof

A technology of nanofibers and nanofiber membranes, which is applied in the fields of fiber chemical characteristics, rayon manufacturing, textiles and papermaking, etc. It can solve the problems of insufficient heat insulation performance, poor radiation resistance performance, large thermal conductivity, etc., and achieve excellent radiation resistance Features, good high temperature insulation performance, good radiation resistance effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-12-24
AEROSPACE INST OF ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSING TECH
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, although nanofiber airgel solves the problem of elasticity, its thermal insulation performance is far behind that of traditional airgel materials.
Chinese patent application CN201910202661.5 discloses a method for preparing a modified silica powder / silica nanofiber composite airgel material, which consists of electrospun silica nanofibers and silica airgel powder The modified silica powder / silica nanofiber composite airgel material was prepared by combining the bulk phase, the compression rebound rate can reach 85%, and the simple and stable dispersion of the nano-scale airgel powder is improved. The heat insulation performance of nanofiber airgel, but the nanofibers in this patent application are pure silica phase, the radiation resistance performance is not good at high temperature, the thermal conductivity coefficient is large at high temperature, and the heat insulation performance is insufficient at high temperature
[0003] In addition, nanofibrous airgel has larger pores and a more continuous skeleton, which determines that it has greater solid-phase heat conduction and gas-phase heat conduction, while the single-component structure makes its radiation resistance poor.
A small amount of research work involves the preparation of silicon carbide nanofiber airgel materials with anti-radiation effect, however, pure silicon carbide nanofibers are prone to oxidation reactions in the air, and their temperature resistance is poor

Method used

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  • High-elasticity anti-radiation nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof
  • High-elasticity anti-radiation nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof
  • High-elasticity anti-radiation nanofiber aerogel material and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0034] The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of highly elastic anti-radiation nanofiber airgel material in the first aspect, described method comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and water (such as deionized water) are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixed solution, and then the mixed solution is stirred for 1 to 24 hours (such as 1, 6, 12 or 24 hours) to obtain a hydrolyzate, and then titanium dioxide is added to the hydrolyzate Nano-powder and continue to stir for 1-12 hours (such as 1, 3, 6, 8, 10 or 12 hours), and finally undergo ultrasonic treatment for 0.5-2 hours (such as 0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2 hours) to obtain a composite hydrolyzate (also denoted as TEOS Composite hydrolyzate); Specifically, step (1) is: at room temperature, take a certain quality of TEOS, H 3 PO 4 and deionized water according to n(TEOS): n(H 3 PO 4 ): n(H 2 O)=(0.5~1):(0.005~0.05):(1~20), preferably 1:(0.015~0.025)...

Embodiment 1

[0069] ① Preparation of hybrid nanofiber membrane

[0070] Preparation of TEOS composite hydrolyzate: at room temperature, take TEOS (orthoethyl silicate), H 3 PO 4 (phosphoric acid) and deionized water according to n(TEOS): n(H 3 PO 4 ): n(H 2(2)=1:0.02:10 molar ratio mixes, is placed on magnetic stirrer and stirs 12 hours, obtains hydrolyzate; Then adds titanium dioxide nanopowder in hydrolyzate, guarantees that titanium dioxide nanopowder accounts for 2% of the quality of hydrolyzate, Stir for 5 hours and ultrasonically treat for 1 hour to disperse the titanium dioxide nanopowder in the hydrolyzate evenly to obtain a TEOS composite hydrolyzate.

[0071] Preparation of PVA aqueous solution: Weigh polyvinyl alcohol powder and add it to deionized water, dissolve it by heating at 80°C, and stir for 5 hours; take it out after stirring, put it on a magnetic stirrer at room temperature and stir to dissipate heat until it drops to room temperature; The mass fraction of the pre...

Embodiment 2

[0085] Embodiment 2 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is:

[0086] In step ①, the preparation of the TEOS composite hydrolyzate is as follows: at room temperature, take TEOS, H 3 PO 4 and deionized water according to n(TEOS): n(H 3 PO 4 ): n(H 2 (2)=1:0.02:10 molar ratio mixes, is placed on magnetic stirrer and stirs 12 hours, obtains hydrolyzate; Add titanium dioxide nanopowder in hydrolyzate subsequently, guarantee that titanium dioxide nanopowder accounts for 1% of the quality of hydrolyzate, Stir for 6 hours and ultrasonically treat for 1 hour to disperse the titanium dioxide nano powder in the hydrolyzate evenly to obtain a TEOS composite hydrolyzate.

[0087] The performance test of the highly elastic radiation-resistant nanofiber airgel material in Example 2 is shown in Table 1.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a high-elasticity anti-radiation nanofiber aerogel material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps of mixing and stirring tetraethoxysilane, phosphoric acid and water evenly for 1-24 h, then adding titanium dioxide nano powder, continuing stirring for 1-12 h, and conducting ultrasonic treatment to obtain composite hydrolysate; uniformly mixing a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and the composite hydrolysate with water, conducting stirring for 1-12 hours, and then carrying out electrostatic spinning on the precursor solution to obtain a hybrid nanofiber membrane; carrying out heat treatment on the hybrid nanofiber membrane; adding the hybrid nanofiber membrane subjected to heat treatment, tetraethoxysilane, boric acid and aluminum chloride into water, adding a graphene oxide solution, and conducting stirring at a high speed to obtain a homogeneous dispersion liquid; and then sequentially subjecting the homogeneous dispersion liquid to freezing, freeze drying and post-treatment processes, so as to prepare the high-elasticity anti-radiation nanofiber aerogel material. The material prepared by the invention has high elasticity and also has excellent radiation resistance, temperature resistance and high-temperature heat insulation performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of airgel preparation, in particular to a highly elastic anti-radiation nanofiber airgel material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Nanoporous airgel (airgel for short) material is a kind of gel material whose dispersion medium is gas. It is a nanoporous solid material with a network structure composed of colloidal particles or polymer molecules. The size of the pores in the material is on the order of nanometers. Its porosity is as high as 80-99.8%, the typical size of the pores is 1-100nm, and the specific surface area is 200-1000m 2 / g, while the density can be as low as 3kg / m 3 , The thermal conductivity at room temperature can be as low as 0.012W / m·K. It is precisely because of these characteristics that airgel materials have broad application potential in thermal, acoustic, optical, microelectronics, and particle detection. At present, the most widely used field of aer...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C08J9/28C08L29/04C08K3/36C08K3/22C08K3/04D01F6/50D01F1/10D04H1/728D04H1/4309
CPCC08J9/28C08J9/0071C08J9/0066D01F6/50D01F1/10D04H1/728D04H1/4309C08J2329/04C08K3/36C08K2201/011C08K2003/2241C08K3/042C08J2201/0484C08J2205/026
Inventor 张恩爽李文静刘圆圆张昊黄红岩张凡
Owner AEROSPACE INST OF ADVANCED MATERIALS & PROCESSING TECH
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