High-CO high-conversion-rate isothermal shift reactor

Abstract

An isothermal carbon monoxide (CO) shift reactor having high CO conversion and the process technology comprises the outside pressure vessel; the catalyst unit; tipper and lower tube sheets welded with water tubes and bottom tee joints; the said outside pressure vessel has seal heads at the upper and lower ends; the said vessel has a water chamber and a steam chamber at the upper section. The catalyst unit comprises the upper catalyst bed with water tubes. There is a central pipe that is located in the said vessel, of which the upper end is located in the upper catalyst bed while the lower end is located in the lower catalyst bed; the said bottom tee joint has an inlet for feed gas, outlet for reacted shift gas and inlet for steam-water mixture; the said central pipe is installed with spray nozzle for steam-water mixture; the said reactor is applicable for process technologies for feed and effluent gas having different CO contents. Low temperature, high CO feed content, high shift conversion and low system pressure drop are direct results of this disclosure.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the fields of synthetic ammonia, methanol synthesis, ethylene glycol production, coal-to-oil, coal-to-natural gas, hydrogen production and utilization of industrial furnace waste gas, in particular to a high-CO high conversion rate reactor and process flow, involving industrial furnace tail gas, CO (up to 85% or more) in industrial gas reacts with water vapor to become hydrogen, realizing a shift reactor and process with high conversion rate (up to 98.5% or more). Background technique [0002] Coal gas, natural gas conversion gas, coke oven gas conversion gas, calcium carbide furnace tail gas, blast furnace gas, etc., all of these gases contain a large amount of CO. different methods), CO can be transformed into useful H 2 , the transformed reaction is: [0003] CO+H 2 O (steam) = CO 2 +H 2 +Q [0004] The conversion reaction is an exothermic reversible reaction, there must be a catalyst and an excess of H 2 O (w...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0024] 1. Coal gas containing 68.65% CO, the shift gas is used for ammonia or hydrogen production, and the conversion rate of the shift gas CO is reduced to ~0.4%, which requires a high conversion rate. More than 99% requires four stages and five shift furnaces, and the shift reactor is too large There are many, there is an air-gas heat exchanger, 6 cooling condensers, and a water spray cooler; at least 17 main equipment are required, so there are too many equipment and too many connecting pipes; the floor area is large, the investment is large, and the operation High difficulty;

[0025] 2. If the CO in the untransformed gas is as high as 70% to 86%, there are more equipment and longer connecting pipes, the transformation cannot be realized even with four to five stages of adiabatic transformation;

[0026] 3. 85% of the total amount of CO is reacted at 380°C to 430°C. The high temperature makes the reaction catalyst easy to age and affects the service life. The high-temperature reaction equipment pipes are subject to high thermal stress and high material requirements;

[0027] 4. The temperature of most catalysts reaches 400°C, high temperature reaction is not conducive to chemical equilibrium, and more catalysts are needed to achieve the same conversion rate;

[0028] 5. The heat of reaction steam condensation is used to generate low-pressure (such as 0.6MPa ~ 2.5MPa) steam, and there is still a large amount of condensed water to be discharged, so the utilization rate is low;

Images