The invention discloses a special self-locking lifting appliance for a steel structure. The special self-locking lifting appliance comprises a lifting appliance body, a fixing structure, a lifting locking mechanism and a pull rope, wherein the lifting appliance body comprises a connecting block and a first sleeve, an inserting hole and a connecting hole are formed in the connecting block, and a first sliding groove and a first locking groove which communicate with each other are formed in the side wall of the first sleeve; the fixing structure comprises a fixing bolt, a first pull rod and a first telescopic spring, and the fixing bolt is arranged in the first sleeve and is in sliding connection with the first sleeve; the lifting locking mechanism comprises a sliding block, a third telescopic spring and an extension block, the sliding block is in sliding connection with the connecting block, one end of the extension block is fixed to the sliding block, the other end of the extension block is provided with a first locking block, and the first locking block makes contact with the first pull rod; and the first pull rod is connected with the pull rope. According to the special self-locking lifting appliance for the steel structure, the risk that a constructor climbs up and down is avoided, meanwhile, the lifting locking mechanism has a locking effect on the fixing bolt, and then the phenomenon that the first pull rod is unhooked due to manual misoperation of the pull rope is avoided.