The invention belongs to the fields of safety equipment and air conditioner refrigeration, which relate to an air conditioning system of a movable emergent rescue capsule for a coal mine. The air conditioning system comprises an outside capsule refrigerating unit consisting of a refrigeration compressor, a finned heat exchanger, a condensing fan and an expansion valve, and an inside capsule air conditioning device consisting of an upper ice storage tank, a lower ice storage tank and an explosionproof fan. The air conditioning system has main function of conditioning the humidity and the temperature inside the rescue capsule by the least electric quantity when the coal mine has accident, and simultaneously keeping the food fresh. Under normal condition, an explosionproof ice storage unit outside the air conditioning system maintains the ice quantity of the inside capsule air conditioning device by a mine power source; and in cataclysm state, when the outside power supply is interrupted, the air conditioning system can independently work and achieve the refrigeration by fewer energy sources, is not influenced by power reserve in the capsule and the outside environment temperature, provides necessary cold quantity for the rescue capsule, and simultaneously reduces the temperature in the capsule through the condensation. The air conditioning system has simple, convenient and quick temperature regulating control operation and maintenance, and is suitable for maintaining the temperature and the humidity of the rescue capsule under the condition that the supply of the outside energy source is interrupted.